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FEMEN ((ウクライナ語:Фемен)) is a group of topless female activists. The organization became internationally known for organizing controversial topless protests against sex tourism,〔(Femen wants to move from public exposure to political power ), ''Kyiv Post'' (28 April 2010)〕〔 religious institutions,〔 sexism, homophobia and other social, national and international topics. Founded in Ukraine, the group is now based in Paris. The organization describes itself as "fighting patriarchy in its three manifestations - sexual exploitation of women, dictatorship and religion"〔 and has stated that its goal is "sextremism serving to protect women's rights".〔(Fearless ... and topless: Femen activists to bring 'sextremism' to the UK ), theguardian.com (19 October 2013)〕 FEMEN activists have been regularly detained by police in response to their protests.〔(Femen activists jailed in Tunisia for topless protest ), BBC News (12 June 2013)〕 ==History== Anna Hutsol is credited as having founded the FEMEN movement on 10 April 2008, after she became aware of stories of Ukrainian women duped into going abroad and then taken advantage of sexually.〔(Feminine Femen targets 'sexpats' ), ''Kyiv Post'' (22 May 2009)〕〔(How they protest prostitution in Ukraine ), France 24 (28 August 2009)〕 However, according to the 2013 documentary by Kitty Green, ''Ukraine Is Not a Brothel'', FEMEN was founded by Viktor Sviatsky. In September 2013 Inna Shevchenko responded to the documentary stating that Sviatsky "did lead the movement some time ago...We accepted this because we did not know how to resist and fight it....This is when I decided to leave Ukraine for France to build a new Femen".〔(The man who made Femen: New film outs Victor Svyatski as the mastermind behind the protest group and its breast-baring stunts ), The Independent (3 September 2013)〕〔(Femen let Victor Svyatski take over because we didn't know how to fight it ), The Guardian (5 September 2013)〕 FEMEN member Inna Shevchenko discussed Sviatsky with ''The Independent'' in January, 2014, and, while not using the word 'founder' said: 'I will never deny that he is a smart person. He was the reason why we knew each other. He was one of those smart people around us at the beginning, who were more experienced.' Since 2013 FEMEN is led by Inna Shevchenko who initiated the international development of the movement. Other Ukrainian founders stopped their activity. Initially, Femen gained attention by demonstrating in skimpy or erotic clothing. For example, on 21 September 2008 in front of the Turkish embassy, a dozen FEMEN members were dressed as sexy nurses with smudged makeup and high pink heels; however, at the 24 August 2009 demonstration on Ukrainian independence day, Oksana Shachko went topless.〔 (Femen Les féministes venues du froid ), ''Paris Match'' (18 February 2012)〕 Since this approach obtained such great publicity, it rapidly became FEMEN's trademark approach. While most of the protests have been confined to bare breasts, in October 2010 Shachko exposed her buttocks outside a locked toilet in a demonstration to protest the lack of public toilets in Kiev,〔(Topless protesters gain fame in Ukraine ), Associated Press (19 November 2010)〕 and four of the group members staged a similar protest in Kiev in February 2011.〔()〕 Since May 2011 a host of international news outlets have started to report about the organization's actions; this has sharply heightened FEMEN's international profile.〔 〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Kyiv's Topless Protestors: 'The Entire Ukraine Is a Brothel' - SPIEGEL ONLINE )〕 From late 2011, the Ukrainian FEMEN activists started to hold more international protests.〔 (【引用サイトリンク】title=Bikyamasr: Ukraine woman strips at Vatican for rights, anti-Berlusconi ) (【引用サイトリンク】title=FEMEN - Zurich is not a Brothel! (NSFW) ) 〕 In December 2011 three FEMEN activists claimed that the State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus had abducted and terrorized them after they staged topless protests in Minsk.〔 On 8 April 2013 five FEMEN members "topless ambushed" Russian President Vladimir Putin (accompanied by German Chancellor Angela Merkel) at the Hanover trade fair.〔 After Inna Shevchenko chopped down a wooden cross overlooking Maidan Nezalezhnosti in Kiev on 17 August 2012, she claimed to have received several death threats and that her front door had been kicked in.〔 Fearing arrest, she sought asylum in France and moved to Paris. There, in September 2012, she established a training facility for activists for Femen in France.〔 〕 In late July 2013, one of the ideologists of the FEMEN, Viktor Sviatsky, and Hutsol were beaten up on the eve of a visit by Putin to Kiev to celebrate the 1,025th anniversary of the Christianization of Kievan Rus'.〔 According to Hutsol, those who attacked them "resemble those cooperating with secret services SBU and FSB".〔(Femen leader points to ‘Russian fingerprints’ in recent attacks on group’s activists in Kiev ), Interfax-Ukraine (29 July 2013) (FEMEN says their male activist brutally beaten up by security services ), Interfax-Ukraine (25 July 2013) (Fined Femen activists planned protest against Putin ), Ukrinform (29 July 2013) (State Leaders, Orthodox Clergy Mark Kievan Rus Anniversary ), Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (27 July 2013) ('Attacks were meant to intimidate us': Femen ), Deutsche Welle (29 July 2013)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「FEMEN」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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