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Falerii (now Civita Castellana) was one of the twelve chief cities of Etruria, situated about 1.5 km west of the ancient Via Flaminia, around 50 kilometers north of Rome. == History == According to legend, it was of Argive origin. Strabo's assertion that the population, the Falisci, were of a different race from the Etruscans is supported by the language of the earliest inscriptions which have been found here. At the beginning of the historical period at the start of the 5th century BC, and no doubt earlier, the dominant element in the town was Etruscan. Through the wars of the following centuries the town was counted as a member, and sometimes a leading member, of the Etruscan league.〔Livy iv. 23, V. 17, vii. 17.〕 Wars between Rome and the Falisci appear to have been frequent. To one of the first belongs the story of the schoolmaster who wished to betray his boys to Camillus; the latter refused his offer, and the inhabitants thereupon surrendered the city. At the end of the First Punic War, the Falisci rose in rebellion, but were soon conquered (241 BC) and lost half their territory. According to Zonaras (viii. 18), the ancient city, built upon a precipitous hill, was destroyed and another built on a more accessible site on the plain. The description of the two sites agrees well with the usual theory that the original city occupied the site of the present Civita Castellana, and that the ruins of Falerii (as the place is now called) are those of the Roman town which was thus transferred five kilometers to the north-west, in the ''comune'' of Fabrica di Roma. After this time Falerii hardly appears in history. It became a colony (''Junonia Faliscorum'') perhaps under Augustus, though according to the inscriptions apparently not until the time of Gallienus (who may have been born there). There were bishops of Falerii up till 1033,〔See also Roman Catholic Diocese of Civita Castellana and List of the Roman Catholic dioceses in Italy.〕 when the desertion of the place in favour of the present site began. The last mention of it dates from 1064. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Falerii」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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