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Al-Fatiha
Sūrat al-Fātiḥah ((アラビア語: سُّورَةُ الفَاتِحَة)) is the first chapter (Surah) of the Quran. Its seven verses (ayat) are a prayer for the guidance, lordship and mercy of the reciter's God. This chapter has an essential role in Islamic prayer (Salāt). The primary literal meaning of the expression "al-Fātiḥah" is "The Opening," which could refer to this Surah being "the opening of the Book" (''Fātiḥat al-kitāb''), to its being the first Surah recited in each cycle (''rakʿah'') of prayer, or to the manner in which it serves as an opening for many functions in everyday Islamic life. Some Muslims interpret it as a reference to an implied ability of the Surah to open a person to faith in God.〔Joseph E. B. Lumbard "Commentary on Sūrat al-Fātiḥah," ''The Study Quran''. ed. Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Caner Dagli, Maria Dakake, Joseph Lumbard, Muhammad Rustom (San Francisco: Harper One, 2015), p. 3.
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==Names==
The name ''al-Fātiḥah'' ("the Opening") is due to the subject-matter of the Surah. ''Fātiḥah'' is that which opens a subject or a book or any other thing. In other words, a sort of preface.〔
It is also called, ''Umm Al-Kitab'' ("the Mother of the Book") and ''Umm Al-Quran'' ("the Mother of the Quran"); ''Sab'a al Mathani'' ("Seven repeated ()", an appellation taken from verse 15:87 of the Quran);〔 ''Al-Hamd'' ("praise"), because a hadith narrates Muhammad as having said: "The prayer () is divided into two halves between Me and My servants. When the servant says, 'All praise is due to God', the Lord of existence, God says, 'My servant has praised Me'."; ''Al-Shifa ("the Cure"), because a hadith narrates Muhammad as having said: "The Opening of the Book is a cure for every poison.";, ''Al-Ruqyah'' ("remedy" or "spiritual cure").,〔 and al-Asas, "The Foundation", referring to its serving as a foundation for the entire Quran 〔Joseph E. B. Lumbard, "Introduction to Sūrat al-Fātiḥah," ''The Study Quran''. ed. Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Caner Dagli, Maria Dakake, Joseph Lumbard, Muhammad Rustom (San Francisco: Harper One, 2015), p. 3.〕
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