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Fenugreek
Fenugreek (; ''Trigonella foenum-graecum'') is an annual plant in the family Fabaceae, with leaves consisting of three small obovate to oblong leaflets. It is cultivated worldwide as a semiarid crop, and its seeds are a common ingredient in dishes from the Indian subcontinent.
==History==
Fenugreek is believed to have been brought into cultivation in the Near East. While Zohary and Hopf are uncertain which wild strain of the genus ''Trigonella'' gave rise to domesticated fenugreek, charred fenugreek seeds have been recovered from Tell Halal, Iraq, (carbon dated to 4000 BC) and Bronze Age levels of Lachish and desiccated seeds from the tomb of Tutankhamen. Cato the Elder lists fenugreek with clover and vetch as crops grown to feed cattle. In the 1st century CE, in Galilee, it was grown as a food staple, as Josephus mentions it in his book, the ''Wars of the Jews''.〔Josephus, ''De Bello Judaico'', book 3, chapter 7, vs. 29. The prepared relish made from ground fenugreek seeds is very slimy and slippery, and was therefore poured over ladders as a stratagem to prevent the enemy's ascent.〕 A compendium of Jewish oral law known as the Mishnah (compiled in the 2nd century) mentions the plant under its Hebrew name, ''tiltan''.〔Thus explained by Maimonides in his commentary on the Mishnah (''Kilaim'' 2:5; ''Terumot'' 10:5; ''Orlah'' 3:6; ''Niddah'' 2:6, ''et. al''), although not to be confused with the Modern Hebrew word, ''tiltan'', which is now used for clover (Trifolium).〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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