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Fichte-Bunker
The Fichte-Bunker is a nineteenth-century gasometer in the Kreuzberg district of Berlin, Germany that was made into an air-raid shelter in World War II and subsequently was used as a shelter for the homeless and for refugees, in particular for those fleeing East Berlin for the West. It is the last remaining brick gasometer in Berlin.
The Fichte-Bunker is located between Fichtestraße and Körtestraße in an area of ''Jugendstil'' apartment houses, many of which are now under historic protection. The gasometer itself is protected,〔(Denkmale in Berlin - 09031136 ), Senatsverwaltung für Stadtentwicklung Berlin, 25 March 2008 (German - Monuments in Berlin).〕 but in September 2006 the State of Berlin's Real Property Fund sold it to private investors and residences have now been constructed on the roof.
==Construction and technical data==
The Fichte-Bunker was constructed in 1874 for the Municipal Gasholder Authority to the design of Johann Wilhelm Schwedler.〔 It was the second of four gasometers he designed for Berlin's street lighting;〔("Leben auf dem Denkmal" ), ''Berliner Zeitung'' 1 February 2007 (German - Life on the Monument).〕 the first was in Friedrichshain and has since been destroyed. Both were topped with the "Schwedler cupola", an engineering innovation of his that used an unsupported curved steel vault to span diameters of up to .〔(Umbau Fichtebunker in Berlin ), Press Release, Stahl-Informations-Zentrum, 9 March 2010 (German - Conversion, Fichte-Bunker in Berlin).〕
The gasometer is a cylinder in diameter, high exclusive of the cupola〔 and high in total. Its form was based on an 1827 design by Karl Friedrich Schinkel for a circular church.〔〔Kristin Feireiss and Julius Posener, ''Berlin - Denkmal oder Denkmodell? : Architektonische Entwürfe für den Aufbruch in das 21. Jahrhundert / Berlin - Monument ou modèle de pensée?: Projets architecturaux pour l'entrée dans de 21ème siècle'', Staatliche Kunsthalle Berlin, Berlin: Ernst, 1988, ISBN 3-433-02285-2, (p. 252 ) (German, French).〕 The capacity of the telescoping gas container was 30,000 cubic metres.〔(Gasbehälter (Gasometer) und Gaswerke in Deutschland ) (German), retrieved 25 June 2010.〕
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