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Generally, a fishery is an entity engaged in raising or harvesting fish which is determined by some authority to be a fishery.〔Fletcher, WJ; Chessonio, J; Fisher, M; Sainsbury KJ; Hundloe, T; Smith, ADM and Whitworth, B (2002) (''The "How To" guide for wild capture fisheries'' ). National ESD reporting framework for Australian fisheries: FRDC Project 2000/145. Page 119–120.〕 According to the FAO, a fishery is typically defined in terms of the "people involved, species or type of fish, area of water or seabed, method of fishing, class of boats, purpose of the activities or a combination of the foregoing features".〔 The definition often includes a combination of fish and fishers in a region, the latter fishing for similar species with similar gear types.〔Madden, CJ and Grossman, DH (2004) (''A Framework for a Coastal/Marine Ecological Classification Standard'' ). NatureServe, page 86. Prepared for NOAA under Contract EA-133C-03-SE-0275〕 A fishery may involve the capture of wild fish or raising fish through fish farming or aquaculture.〔FAO: (''Fisheries glossary'' )〕〔NOAA: (''Fisheries glossary'' ) p. 24.〕 Directly or indirectly, the livelihood of over 500 million people in developing countries depends on fisheries and aquaculture. Overfishing, including the taking of fish beyond sustainable levels, is reducing fish stocks and employment in many world regions.〔C. Michael Hogan (2010) (''Overfishing'' ), Encyclopedia of earth, topic ed. Sidney Draggan, ed. in chief C. Cleveland, National Council on Science and the Environment (NCSE), Washington DC〕〔(Fisheries and Aquaculture in our Changing Climate ) Policy brief of the FAO for the UNFCCC COP-15 in Copenhagen, December 2009.〕 A report by Prince Charles' International Sustainability Unit, the New York-based Environmental Defense Fund and 50in10 published in July 2014 estimated global fisheries were adding $270 billion a year to global GDP, but by full implementation of sustainable fishing, that figure could rise by as much as $50 billion. ==The term ''fish''== * In biology – the term ''fish'' is most strictly used to describe any animal with a backbone that has gills throughout life and has limbs, if any, in the shape of fins. Many types of aquatic animals commonly referred to as ''fish'' are not fish in this strict sense; examples include shellfish, cuttlefish, starfish, crayfish and jellyfish. In earlier times, even biologists did not make a distinction — sixteenth century natural historians classified also seals, whales, amphibians, crocodiles, even hippopotamuses, as well as a host of marine invertebrates, as fish.〔Jr.Cleveland P Hickman, Larry S. Roberts, Allan L. Larson: Integrated Principles of Zoology, McGraw-Hill Publishing Co, 2001, ISBN 0-07-290961-7〕 * In fisheries – the term ''fish'' is used as a collective term, and includes mollusks, crustaceans and any aquatic animal which is harvested.〔 * True fish – The strict biological definition of a fish, above, is sometimes called a true fish. True fish are also referred to as ''finfish'' or ''fin fish'' to distinguish them from other aquatic life harvested in fisheries or aquaculture. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fishery」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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