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| derivatives = | subgenrelist = List of Flamenco genres | subgenres = New Flamenco (') | fusiongenres = Flamenco chill (with downtempo) | regional_scenes = | local_scenes = | other_topics = }} Flamenco ((:flaˈmeŋko)) is an artform and genre of music and dance native to the southern Spanish regions of Andalusia, Extremadura and Murcia. It includes ''cante'' (singing), ''toque'' (guitar playing), ''baile'' (dance) and ''jaleo'', which refers to the vocalizations and rhythmic sounds of ''palmas'' (handclapping) and ''pitos'' (finger snapping). First mentioned in literature in 1774, the genre is thought to have grown out of Andalusian music and dance styles.〔In the book ''Cartas Marruecas'' by José Cadalso〕〔Ríos Ruiz notes that the origins and development of Flamenco are well documented: "the theatre movement of ''sainetes'' (one-act plays) and ''tonadillas'', popular song books and song sheets, customs, studies of dances, and ''toques'',perfection, newspapers, graphic documents in paintings and engravings...in continuous evolution together with rhythm, the poetic stanzas, and the ambiance". Ríos Ruiz ''Ayer y hoy del cante flamenco'', Ediciones ISTMO, Tres Cantos (Madrid), 1997, ISBN 84-7090-311-X〕〔See the third definition for "flamenco" in the ''Dictionary of Real Academia Española''.〕 Flamenco is often associated with the gitanos (Romani people of Spain) and a significant proportion of famous flamenco artists are of this ethnicity. However, unlike Romani music of eastern Europe, the style is distinctively Andalusian and the fusion of the various cultures that have coexisted in southern Spain is clearly perceptible in Flamenco music. Although there are many theories on its origin, the most widespread highlights a Morisco heritage, with the cultural melting pot that was Andalusia at the time (Andalusians, Moors, Castilian settlers, Gypsies and Jews) fostering its development over time.〔(Flamenco: All You Wanted to Know - Page 21 )〕 Flamenco music, as a theatrical representation of Andalusian musical tradition, was first recorded in the late 18th century but the genre underwent a dramatic development in the late 19th century. In recent years flamenco has become popular all over the world and is taught in many non-Hispanic countries, especially in the United States and Japan. Professional Flamenco is an artform that can take a lifetime to master. In Japan there are more flamenco academies than there are in Spain.〔En El Salvador la agrupación ''Alma Flamenca'' es considerada la máxima representante y pionera de este movimiento musical. 〕 On November 16, 2010 UNESCO declared flamenco one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.〔(El flamenco es declarado Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial de la Humanidad por la Unesco ), Yahoo Noticias, 16 de noviembre de 2010, consultado el mismo día.〕 ==Etymology== There are many suggestions for the origin of the word ''flamenco'' as a musical term (summarized below) but no solid evidence for any of them. The word was not recorded as a musical and dance term until the late 18th century. The Spanish word ''flamenco'' could have been a derivative of "fire" or "flame", as it is connected to the 'Cante' and the dance's strong, passionate and solemn nature. The word ''flamenco'' may have come to be used for certain behaviour in general, which could possibly have come to be applied to the Gitano players and performers. A theory proposed by Andalusian historian Blas Infante in his 1933 book ''Orígenes de lo Flamenco y Secreto del Cante Jondo'' suggests that the word ''flamenco'' comes from the Hispano-Arabic term ''fellah mengu'', meaning "expelled peasant"; Infante argued that this term referred to the ethnic Andalusians of the Islamic faith, the Moriscos, who in order to avoid forced exile and religious persecution, joined with the Roma newcomers. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Flamenco」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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