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Folkspartei
The Folkspartei ((イディッシュ語:ייִדישע פֿאָלקספּאַרטײַ), ''yidishe folkspartei'', 'Jewish People's Party, folkist party) was founded after the 1905 pogroms in the Russian Empire by Simon Dubnow and Israel Efrojkin. The party took part in several elections in Poland and Lithuania in the 1920s and 1930s and did not survive the Shoah.
==Ideology==
According to the historian Simon Dubnow (1860-1941), Jews are a nation on the spiritual and intellectual level and should strive towards their national and cultural autonomy in the diaspora (''galuth'') in some way a secularized and modernized version of the Council of Four Lands under the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.〔Henry Abramson, (The end of intimate insularity: new narratives of Jewish history in the post-Soviet era ), in Acts of Symposium “Construction and Deconstruction of National Histories in Slavic Eurasia,” at Sapporo, Japan, on July 10–13, 2002〕 He said, "How then should Jewish autonomy assert itself? It must, of course, be in full agreement with the character of the Jewish national idea. Jewry, as a spiritual or cultural nation, cannot in the Diaspora seek territorial or political separatism, but only a social or a national-cultural autonomy."〔Koppel S. Pinson, Simon Dubnow, Nationalism and History, The Jewish Publication Society of America, Philadelphia, 1958〕
Close to the Bund for the emphasis on Yiddish and its culture, it differed from that party by its middle class, craftsmen and intellectual base, but also because of its ideological options. According to Dubnov, assimilation was not a natural phenomenon and the Jewish political struggle should be centered on a Jewish autonomy based upon community, language and education, and not upon class struggle as advocated by Bundist theorists. It was a liberal party in economic matters, committed to political democracy and secularism.〔 Annette Wieviorka, ("Les Juifs de Varsovie à la veille de la Seconde Guerre mondiale" ), in Les Cahiers de la Shoah n° 1, 1994〕
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