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A greenway is "a strip of undeveloped land near an urban area, set aside for recreational use or environmental protection".〔Oxford Dictionary of English〕 However, the term can in fact include "a scenic road"〔''Encyclpedia of Environmental Studies'' by William Ashworth and Charles E. Little. New York: Facts on File, c1991.〕 and though many are in urban areas, there are some rural greenways, as for example the Monadnock-Sunapee Greenway. A greenway is a trail (and sometimes a wildlife corridor), found in both urban and rural settings, that is frequently created, out of a disused railway, canal towpath, utility, or similar right of way, or derelict industrial land. Rail trails are one of the most common forms of greenway, and they also resemble linear parks. In Southern England the term also refers to ancient trackways or green lanes, especially those found on chalk downlands, like the Ridgeway.〔(The Ridgeway Project )〕 == Terminology == The American author Charles Little in his 1990 book, ''Greenways for America''〔(Susquehanna Greenway )〕 defines a greenway as *a linear open space established along either a natural corridor, such as a riverfront, stream valley, or ridgeline, or overland along a railroad right-of-way converted to recreational use, a canal, scenic road or other route. It is a natural or landscaped course for pedestrian or bicycle passage; an open-space connector linking parks, nature reserves, cultural features, or historic sites with each other and with populated areas; locally certain strip or linear parks designated as parkway or greenbelt.〔(Tennessee Greenways and Trails: "What is a greenway" ).〕 The term ''greenway'' comes from the ''green'' in green belt and the ''way'' in parkway, implying a recreational or pedestrian use rather than a typical street corridor, as well as an emphasis on introducing or maintaining vegetation, in a location where such vegetation is otherwise lacking. Some greenways include community gardens as well as typical park-style landscaping of trees and shrubs. They also tend to have a mostly contiguous pathway. Greenways resemble linear parks, but the latter are only found in an urban and suburban environment.. Though a wild life corridors are also a greenways, because they have conservation as their primary purpose, they are not necessarily managed as parks for recreational use, and may not include facilities such as public trails. Tom Turner analyzed greenways in London, looking for common patterns among successful examples. He was inspired by the pattern language technique of architect Christopher Alexander. Turner concluded there are seven types, or 'patterns', of greenway which he named: parkway, blueway, paveway, glazeway, skyway, ecoway and cycleway.〔Turner (1995)〕 The European Greenways Association defines it as "communication routes reserved exclusively for non-motorised journeys, developed in an integrated manner which enhances both the environment and quality of life of the surrounding area. These routes should meet satisfactory standards of width, gradient and surface condition to ensure that they are both user-friendly and low-risk for users of all abilities." (Lille Declaration, European Greenways Association, 12 September 2000). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Greenway (landscape)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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