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Fritham is a small village in Hampshire, England. It lies in the north of the New Forest, near the Wiltshire border. It is in the civil parish of Bramshaw.〔(Bramshaw Parish Council )〕 ==History== The name Fritham may be derived from Old English meaning a cultivated plot (''hamm'') in scrub on the edge of a forest (''fyrhth'').〔(Old Hampshire Gazetteer - Fritham )〕 The oldest feature in Fritham is a Bronze Age Bowl barrow, known as ''The Butt'', which lies just east of the village, although it has been partially damaged on top by a brick structure.〔(Hampshire Treasures - Bramshaw, page 21 )〕 Fritham is not mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086.〔(Througham (Truham) ), Pastscape〕 It was once thought that the Domesday settlement of Truham (or Trucham) may have been Fritham,〔(Victoria County History, (1912), A History of the County of Hampshire: Volume 5, Pages 623-626 )〕 but this is now thought unlikely as Truham was within Boldre Hundred.〔 The first mention of Fritham appears early in the 13th century,〔 when Geoffrey de Baddesley held land in Baddesley and Fritham. Fritham remained attached to the manor of South Baddesley in the parish of Boldre at least until 1429.〔 The Royal Oak - a thatched cottage with red-brick additions - is one of the oldest pubs in the New Forest, dating back to the 17th century.〔(Hampshire pub guide: The Royal Oak, Fritham ), The Telegraph, 03 Mar 2011〕 Fritham Lodge, dating from 1671, may have been one of Charles II hunting lodges.〔(Fritham Lodge, Bramshaw ) British Listed Buildings〕 A school and chapel opened in Fritham in 1861.〔 From the 1860s until the 1920s Fritham was home to the Schultze gunpowder factory.〔Norman Henderson, (2007), ''A Walk Around the New Forest: In Thirty-Five Circular Walks'', pages 87-8. Frances Lincoln〕 The factory specialised in smokeless powder for sporting guns.〔 Established in 1865, it was at one time the largest nitro-compound gunpowder factory in the world, with sixty separate buildings and a staff of one hundred.〔Kenneth Hudson, (1968), ''The industrial archaeology of southern England: Hampshire, Wiltshire, Dorset, Somerset, and Gloucestershire east of the Severn'', page 35〕 It supplied three-quarters of the world's annual consumption of gunpowder for sporting purposes and often sent 100-ton consignments to the Americas loading road vans and special railway trucks for the docks at Southampton.〔 Little now remains of the factory except for the superintendent's and gatekeeper's houses.〔(Eyeworth Pond, Fritham, and the Schultze Gunpowder Factory )〕 Eyeworth Pond, near Fritham, was specially created by the factory as a reservoir to hold water needed during the manufacturing process.〔 Four young men from Fritham went down with the ''Titanic'' in 1912: Lewis Hickman (aged 32), Leonard Mark Hickman (aged 24), Stanley George Hickman (aged 21), and Ambrose Hood (aged 21).〔(The Royal Oak, Fritham ), Lymington.org〕 A gravestone in memory of the Hickman brothers can be found in Riverside Cemetery in the town of Neepawa in Manitoba, Canada.〔Find A Grave website〕 The Ham class minesweeper HMS Fritham, launched in 1953, was named after the village. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fritham」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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