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Marcus Cornelius Fronto
Marcus Cornelius Fronto (c. 100late 160s), Roman grammarian, rhetorician and advocate, was born at Cirta in Numidia. He also was suffect consul of 142.
==Life==
Fronto was born a Roman citizen "100 (or a year or two earlier)"〔C.R. Haines, p.lii. See also p. xxiii: "The probable date of his birth is 100 A.D., and in any case before 113 A.D."〕 in the Numidian capital Cirta. He described himself as "a Libyan of the Libyan Nomades."〔''Ad M. Caesarem'' 2. 3. 5; cf. A. R. Birley, ''The African Emperor'' (London: Batsford, 1999), 43.〕〔Edward Champlin, ''Fronto and Antonine Rome'' (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1980), 7–8.〕 Educated at Rome,〔Champlin, ''Fronto'', 20〕 he soon gained such renown as an advocate and orator as to be reckoned inferior only to Cicero. He amassed a large fortune, erected magnificent buildings and purchased the famous gardens of Maecenas. Antoninus Pius, hearing of his fame, appointed him tutor to his adopted sons Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus.
In 142 he was consul for two months, but declined the proconsulship of Asia on the grounds of ill-health. His latter years were embittered by the loss of all his children except one daughter. His talents as an orator and rhetorician were greatly admired by his contemporaries, a number of whom were later regarded as forming a school called after him ''Frontoniani''; his object in his teaching was to inculcate the exact use of the Latin language in place of the artificialities of such 1st-century authors as Seneca the Younger, and encourage the use of "unlooked-for and unexpected words", to be found by diligent reading of pre-Ciceronian authors. He found fault with Cicero for inattention to that refinement, though admiring his letters without reserve. He may well have died in the late 160s, as a result of the Antonine Plague that followed the Parthian War, though conclusive proof is lacking. C.R. Haines asserts he died in 166 or 167〔"There can be little doubt that he predeceased Verus and died in 166 or 167". C.R. Haines, p. xl.〕
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