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Éothéod
In the fictional world of J. R. R. Tolkien, the Éothéod were a group of Northmen who became the ancestors of the Rohirrim. The word, meaning "horse people", is a compound of the Old English words ''éoh'' ("horse" or "war horse") and ''théod'' ("people", "race"); it is cognate with Old Norse ''jóþjóð'' ("horse people"). Tolkien used the word to refer also to the land they occupied in the Vales of Anduin.
== Origin ==
''Unfinished Tales'' tells〔Tolkien, ''Unfinished Tales'', "Cirion and Eorl", (i) "The Northmen and the Wainriders", pp 288–295.〕 how the Éothéod arose following the ''Battle of the Plain'' fought by Gondor and the Northmen against the Easterlings in the plains south of Mirkwood in 〔Tolkien, ''The Return of the King'', Appendix B.〕 Narmacil II of Gondor and Marhari, a chieftain of the Northmen, were killed in the battle. Marhari's son Marwhini withdrew with some survivors to the lower Vales of Anduin between the Carrock and the Gladden Fields. They were joined over time by other refugees from several groups of Northmen, and formed a coherent organisation with Marwhini as its leader.
Some hundred years later, in ,〔 Frumgar led the Éothéod northward to the upper Vales of Anduin to seek more room, displacing the remnants of Angmar after its fall.〔Tolkien, ''The Return of the King'', Appendix A, II "The House of Eorl".〕 The Éothéod occupied land north of Mirkwood, from the Misty Mountains as far as the Forest River.〔Tolkien, ''Unfinished Tales'', "Cirion and Eorl", (ii) "The Ride of Eorl", pp 295–300.〕 Their chief town ("their only fortified ''burg''") was built where the Great River Anduin forms at the confluence of the rivers Langwell and Greylin,〔 and was called ''Framsburg'' for Frumgar's son Fram.〔The name ''Framsburg'' appears on the map of Middle-earth drawn by Pauline Baynes in consultation with Tolkien, but nowhere in Tolkien's own writing.〕
Fram slew the dragon Scatha the Worm, and according to some accounts was killed in dissension between the Éothéod and the Dwarves arising from the distribution of Scatha's hoard; as a result, Tolkien writes, "There was no great love between Éothéod and the Dwarves."〔
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