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Pravdinsk
Pravdinsk (), prior to 1946 known by its German name ドイツ語:Friedland ((リトアニア語:Romuva); (ポーランド語:Frydląd)) is a town and the administrative center of Pravdinsky District in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Lava River, approximately east of Bagrationovsk and southeast of Kaliningrad, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:
==History==
It was founded in 1312 at a ford across the Lava River after the local Natangian tribe in Prussia was subdued by the Teutonic Knights. It received town privileges in 1335 under Grand Master Luther von Braunschweig. The town was devastated during the Thirteen Years' War between the Order and the Prussian Confederation. Known then by its German name Friedland ("peaceful land"), the town became a part of the Duchy of Prussia after the secularization of the Order-State in 1525. Under the ruling Hohenzollern dynasty, Friedland became a part of Brandenburg-Prussia in 1618 and was again ravaged by Swedish troops in the course of the Second Northern War 1655-1660.
Friedland belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia from 1701; on June 14, 1807, Napoleon's French army won the nearby Battle of Friedland against a combined Russian-Prussian army. The town became part of the German Empire in 1871 during the Prussian-led unification of Germany.
Conquered by the Red Army on January 31, 1945, the town (which belonged to ''Landkreis Bartenstein'' in the Province of East Prussia) was transferred from Germany to the Soviet Union according to the 1945 Potsdam Agreement and the German population was expelled. The town was renamed Pravdinsk in 1946.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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