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Fula people
The Fula people or Fulani or Fulɓe ((フラニ語:Fulɓe); ; (ハウサ語:Fulani); ; (ウォロフ語:Pël); (バンバラ語:Fulaw)) numbering approximately 20 million people in total are one of the most widely dispersed and culturally diverse of the peoples of Africa. The Fulani are bound together by the common language of Fulfulde, as well as by some basic elements of Fulbe culture, such as the ''pulaaku'', a code of conduct common to all Fulani groups.
A significant proportion of their number, (an estimated 13 million), are nomadic, making them the largest pastoral nomadic group in the world.〔http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Fulani.aspx|The Fulani form the largest pastoral nomadic group in the world. The Bororo'en are noted for the size of their cattle herds. In addition to fully nomadic groups, however, there are also semisedentary Fulani—Fulɓe Laddi—who also farm, although they argue that they do so out of necessity, not choice. A small group, the Fulɓe Mbalu or Sheep Fulani, rely on sheep for their livelihood.〕
Spread over many countries, they are found mainly in West Africa and northern parts of Central Africa, but also in Sudan and Egypt.
==Names==
There are many names (and spellings of the names) used in other languages to refer to the ''(unicode:Fulɓe)''. Fulani in English is borrowed from the Hausa term.〔The homonym "''Fulani''" is also used by the Manding peoples, being the diminutive form of the word ''Fula'' in their language (with suffix ''-ni''), essentially meaning "little Fula".〕 Fula, from Manding languages, is also used in English, and sometimes spelled Fulah or Fullah. Fula and Fulani are commonly used in English, including within Africa. The French borrowed the Wolof term ''Pël'', which is variously spelled: Peul, Peulh, and even Peuhl. More recently the Fulfulde / Pulaar term ''(unicode:Fulɓe)'', which is a plural noun (singular, ''Pullo'') has been Anglicised as Fulbe,〔The letter "ɓ" is an implosive b sound, which does not exist in English, so is replaced by "b." In the orthography for languages of Guinea (pre-1985), this sound was represented by bh, so one would have written ''Fulbhe'' instead of ''Fulɓe''.〕 which some people use. In Portuguese, the terms Fula or Futafula are used. The terms Fallata Fallatah or Fellata are of Kanuri origins, and is often the name by which Fulani people are identified by in Sudan.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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