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Furmint
Furmint is a white Hungarian wine grape variety that is most noted widely grown in the Tokaj-Hegyalja wine region where it is used to produce single-varietal dry wines as well as being the principal grape in the better known Tokaji dessert wines. It is also grown in the tiny Hungarian wine region of Somló. Furmint plays a similar role in the Slovakian wine region of Tokaj. It is also grown in Austria where it is known as ''Mosler''. Smaller plantings are found in Slovenia where it is known as ''Šipon''. The grape is also planted in Croatia where it is known as ''Moslavac''. It is also found in Romania and other former republics of the Soviet Union.〔 Oz Clarke ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pg 90 Harcourt Books 2001 ISBN 0-15-100714-4 〕 Furmint is a late ripening variety, usually being harvested in the second half of October, and is often inflicted with ''Botrytis''.〔 J. Robinson (ed) ''"The Oxford Companion to Wine"'' Third Edition pg 292 & 348 Oxford University Press 2006 ISBN 0-19-860990-6 〕
The name Furmint may have been taken from the word "''froment''" for the wheat-gold color of the wine it produces. While it is possible that the grape was brought to Hungary in the 13th century during the reign of King Béla IV, 〔 〔 ampelographers believe that the grape is likely native to the region.〔J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pgs 37, 373-375, 1115 Allen Lane 2012 ISBN 978-1-846-14446-2〕
==History==
Furmint has been growing in the Tokaji region of north-eastern Hungary since at least the late 16th century when a document dated May 15th, 1571 described the grape growing in the Hétszőlő vineyard in Tokaj. In 1611, the grape was also noted to have been growing in the Gyepű Valley of the Zemplén Mountains near the town of Erdőbénye, about 20 north of Tokaj.〔
While many other wine grapes have been used in the production of the historic Tokaji dessert wine, Furmint's use for the wine was well established by at least the late 18th century when, in 1796, the Hungarian politician János Dercsényi described Furmint as the "genuine Tokaji Aszú" grape.〔
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