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Föhr (''Fering'' North Frisian: ''Feer''; (デンマーク語:Før)) is one of the North Frisian Islands on the German coast of the North Sea. It is part of the Nordfriesland district in the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein. Föhr is the second-largest North Sea island of Germany and a popular destination for tourists. A town and eleven distinct municipalities are located on the island. The climate is oceanic with moderate winters and relatively cool summers. Being a settlement area already in neolithic times, Föhr had been part of mainland North Frisia until 1362. Then the coastline was destroyed by a heavy storm flood and several islands were formed, Föhr among them. The northern parts of Föhr consist of marshes while the southern parts consist of sandy geest. From the middle-ages until 1864, Föhr belonged to the Danish realm and to the Duchy of Schleswig, but was then transferred to Prussia as a result of the Second Schleswig War. Seafaring has long been the most popular trade, but farming and eventually tourism became the most important economic factors after the end of the Age of Sail. The island can be reached by a car and passenger ferry service or via an airstrip. Apart from German, a dialect of the North Frisian language, Fering, is frequently spoken on Föhr. Several authors and poets have also written in Fering. ==Geography== Föhr is situated southeast of Sylt; it is the second-largest German North Sea island. Among those German islands which are accessible only by ship or airplane (i.e., no bridge, tunnel or causeway connects them to the mainland), Föhr is the most populous one and has the largest surface. Föhr is called "The Green Island" due to being sheltered from the storms of the North Sea by its neighbouring islands Sylt and Amrum, so that Föhr's vegetation is thriving compared to other islands. It is 6.8 kilometres wide and 12 km long; the surface measures 82.82 km². While the northern parts are marshland, the south consists of higher geestland. The highest elevation measures 13 m above mean sea level and is located on the geestland ridge between the villages of Nieblum and Midlum. The geest makes up about two fifths of Föhr's total area and most villages are located there. In the marshlands, a number of solitary farmsteads can be found, which were moved out of the villages during the 1960s. Until the ''Grote Mandrenke'' flooding, Föhr had not been an island but was part of the mainland, being connected to the sea by deep tidal creeks. Föhr, like its neighbour islands, is a popular tourist resort. From the ferry terminal a sandy beach of about 15 km length extends all along Föhr's southern shore and halfway up the western coast. North and northwest of Föhr the Reserved Area I of the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park is located. Föhr's population counts 8,592 (as of 1 December 2010). The only town on the island is Wyk on its south-eastern coast which is a popular seaside resort. In addition there are sixteen small villages on Föhr which are distributed among eleven municipalities. They adhere to the ''Amt'' Föhr-Amrum: *Alkersum (Fering: ''Aalkersem'') *Borgsum (''Borigsem'') *Dunsum (''Dunsem''), comprising Lesser and Greater Dunsum *Midlum (''Madlem'') * ''Nordseebad'' Nieblum (''Njiblem'') with its neighbourhood Goting (''Guating'') *Oevenum (''Ööwnem'') *Oldsum (''Olersem'') with the districts of Toftum (''Taftem'') and Klintum (''Klantem'') *Süderende (''Söleraanj'') *''Nordseebad'' Utersum (''Ödersem'') with the hamlet of Hedehusum (''Hedehüsem'') *Witsum (''Wiisem'') *Wrixum (''Wraksem'') A local peculiarity is that almost all place names end with the suffix -um, which means "home".〔Timmermann, Ulf, "Nordfriesische Ortsnamen". In: 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Föhr」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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