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GAB2
GRB2-associated-binding protein 2 also known as GAB2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''GAB2'' gene.
GAB2 is a docking protein with a conserved, folded PH domain attached to the membrane and a large disordered region, which hosts interactions with signaling molecules. It is a member of the GAB/DOS family localized on the internal membrane of the cell. It mediates the interaction between receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and non-RTK receptors serving as the gateway into the cell for activation of SHP2, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Grb2, ERK, and AKT and acting as one of the first steps in these signaling pathways. GAB2 has been shown to be important in physiological functions such as growth in bone marrow and cardiac function. GAB2 has also been associated with many diseases including leukemia and Alzheimer's disease.
==Discovery==
GAB proteins were one of the first docking proteins identified in the mammalian signal transduction pathway.〔 GAB2 along with many other adaptor, scaffold, and docking proteins, was discovered in the mid-1990s during the isolation and cloning of protein tyrosine kinase substrates and association partners.〔 During these experiments, Nishida et al. identified a 100 kD adapter molecule with striking homology to GAB1, which they originally termed pp100. They also discovered a sequence of human cDNA that showed strong homology to GAB1 cDNA, which they termed GAB2. The group raised a polyclonal antibody against a carboxyl-terminal region of GAB2 and used it in immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting. The data gathered from these experiments indicated that pp100 is in fact GAB2.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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