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The GLD-2 (which stands for Germ Line Development 2) is a cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerase (cytoPAPs) which adds successive AMP monomers to the 3’ end of specific RNAs, forming a poly(A) tail, which is a process known as polyadenylation. For RNA specificity, GLD-2 associates with an RNA-binding protein, typically a GLD-3, to form a heterodimer that acts as a cytoplasmic PAP. This protein has an enzymatic function and belongs to a family (DNA polymerase type-B-like family) which includes several similar enzymes such as GLD-1, GLD-3 and GLD-4. This family of cytoplasmic PAPs has been described in several different species including ''Homo sapiens, Caenorhabditis elegans, Xenopus, Mus musculus'' and ''Drosophila''. Moreover, as it is a cytoplasmtaic PAP it differs from nuclear PAPs in some aspects. While nuclear PAPs contain a catalytic domain and an RNA-binding domain, GLD-2 family members have only a catalytic domain. == Localization == GLD-2 is a common and abundant, but yet quite unknown protein that has already been found in each of the five kingdoms. In the animal kingdom, it has been specially detected in ''Homo sapiens, Drosophila, Xenopus'' and ''Mus musculus''. However, there has also been noticed the presence of GLD-2 in ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' which belongs in the plants kingdom; ''Escherichia Coli'' in monera and ''Candida albicans'' in fungi. In human beings it is mostly expressed in the brain and within it, in the cerebellum, hippocampus and medulla. We can also find them in some other source tissues are the fibroblast, HeLa cell, MCF-7 cell, melanoma cell line and thymus. Inside those cells, it can be located in the nucleus and mitochondrion since its main function is related with DNA polyadenilation and these cell organells are the only ones were DNA can be found. However, there are also GLD-2 in a soluble way in the cytosol, although the reason why they are there is still unsure. In ''Escherichia Coli'', this enzymatic protein can be found in the cell membrane and in the cytosol, whereas in ''Drosophila melanogaster'', it predominates in the brain's nucleus and cytoplasm, oocyte, ovary and testis’ cells. Finally, in the ''Arabidopsis thaliana'', it is located in the flower's nucleus, root, stem and leaf cells. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「GLD-2」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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