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GSTZ1
Glutathione S-transferase Zeta 1 (also known as maleylacetoacetate isomerase) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''GSTZ1'' gene on chromosome 14.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2954 )〕
This gene is a member of the glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) super-family, which encodes multifunctional enzymes important in the detoxification of electrophilic molecules, including carcinogens, mutagens, and several therapeutic drugs, by conjugation with glutathione. This enzyme also plays a significant role in the catabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine. Thus, defects in this enzyme may lead to severe metabolic disorders, including alkaptonuria, phenylketonuria and tyrosinaemia, and new discoveries may allow the enzyme to protect against certain diseases related to oxidative stress.〔
==Structure==
Glutathione S-transferase Zeta 1 (GSTZ1) has a predominantly hydrophobic dimer, just like many other GST members. It is composed of 24.2 kDa subunits and it consists of an N-terminal thioredoxin-like domain and a C-terminal all alpha-helical domain. Both of these domains are intertwined by a linker region between amino acids 85 and 91. The active site of this enzyme is much smaller and more polar than that of other family members of GST, which allows for GSTZ1 to be more selective in terms of substrates. Also, the C-terminus is truncated and the GSTZ1 enzyme lacks the normal V-shaped dimer interface which are usually common in other GSTs. As for the ''GSTZ1'' gene, it is located on chromosome 14q24.3, has 12 exons, and is approximately 10 kb long.〔 GSTZ1 also contains a distinct motif (Ser14–Ser15–Cys16) which is seen as the active center in catalysis.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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