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Guantanamo Bay Naval Base
Guantanamo Bay Naval Base (also called GTMO and pronounced gitmo by the U.S. military because the airfield designation code is GTMO〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=File:US Navy 040813-N-6939M-002 Commissions building courtroom at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.jpg )〕) is located on of land and water at Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, which the United States leased for use as a coaling and naval station in the Cuban–American Treaty of 1903 (for $2,000 until 1934, for $4,085 since 1938 until now). The base is on the shore of Guantánamo Bay at the southeastern end of Cuba. It is the oldest overseas U.S. Naval Base.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=CNIC Naval Station Guantanamo Bay History )〕 Since 1959 Cuban Revolution, the Cuban government has consistently protested against the U.S. presence on Cuban soil and called it illegal under international law, alleging that the military base was imposed on Cuba by force. At the United Nations Human Rights Council in 2013, Cuba's Foreign Minister demanded the U.S. return the base and the "usurped territory", which the Cuban government considers to be occupied since the U.S. invasion of Cuba during the Spanish–American War in 1898.〔(Australian News, May 2013 ), Comments by Cuba to the UN Human Rights Council〕〔(Granma, January 26, 2012 ), comments on an article in the ''New York Times'' on the continued occupation of Cuba〕〔(''New York Times'', January 10, 2012, Give Guantanamo Back to Cuba ), Jonathan M. Hansen, cited in ''Granma''〕〔(Guantanamo, Yankee naval base of crimes and provocations ), 1970, (Cuban) Ministry of Foreign Affairs, translated 1977 by U.S. Joint Publications Research Service (PDF)〕〔Alfred de Zayas, "The Status of Guantanamo Bay and the Status of the Detainees" in ''University of British Columbia Law Review'', vol. 37, July 2004, pp. 277–342;, A de Zayas Guantanamo Naval Base in ''Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law'', Oxford University Press 2012〕
Since 2002, the naval base has contained a military prison, the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, for unlawful combatants captured in Afghanistan, Iraq, and other places during the War on Terror.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Guantanamo Bay – Camp Delta )〕 Cases of torture of prisoners,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=GTMO CTD Inspection Special Inquiry )〕 and their alleged denial of protection under the Geneva Conventions, have been condemned internationally.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Article 10: Right to fair public hearing by independent tribunal )〕
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