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__NOTOC__ Galdr (plural ''galdrar'') is one Old Norse word for "spell, incantation"; these were usually performed in combination with certain rites.〔The article ''Galder'' in ''Nationalencyklopedin'' (1992)〕 It was mastered by both women and men.〔 Some scholars have assumed they chanted it in falsetto (''gala'').〔〔The article ''galder'' in Henrikson A., Törngren D. and Hansson L. (1998). ''Stora mythologiska uppslagsboken''. ISBN 91-37-11346-1〕 ==Etymology== The Old Norse word ''galdr'' is derived from a word for singing incantations, ''gala'' (Old High German and Old English: ''galan'') with an Indo-European -''tro'' suffix. In Old High German the -''stro'' suffix produced ''galster'' instead.〔(Hellquist, E. (1922). Svensk etymologisk ordbok. C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, Lund. p. 177 )〕 The Old English forms were ''gealdor'', ''galdor'', ''ȝaldre'' "spell, enchantment, witchcraft", and the verb ''galan'' meant "sing, chant". It is contained in ''nightingale'' (from ''næcti-galæ''), related to ''giellan'', the verb ancestral to Modern English ''yell''; cf. also the Icelandic verb ''að gala'' "to sing, call out, yell" and Dutch ''gillen'' "to yell, scream". The German forms were Old High German ''galstar'' and MHG ''galster'' "song, enchantment" (Konrad von Ammenhausen ''Schachzabelbuch'' 167b), surviving in (obsolete or dialectal) Modern German ''Galsterei'' (witchcraft) and ''Galsterweib'' (witch). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Galdr」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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