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''Gallaecimonas'' is a recently described genus of bacteria. The first described species of this genus was ''Gallaecimonas pentaromativorans'' gen. nov., sp. nov. isolated by Rodríguez Blanco et al. in 2010 from intertidal sediments of the ria of Corcubión (Galicia, Spain). It is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, halotolerant bacterium〔J.P. Euzéby: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (Genus Gallaecimonas )〕 in the class Gammaproteobacteria. It can degrade high molecular mass polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of 4 and 5 rings. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the type strain CEE_131(T) proved to be distantly related to those of ''Rheinheimera'' and ''Serratia''. Its G+C content was 41.7 mol%.〔Rodríguez-Blanco A, Vetion G, Escande ML, Delille D, Ghiglione JF. (Gallaecimonas pentaromativorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a bacterium carrying 16S rRNA gene heterogeneity and able to degrade high-molecular-mass polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2010 Mar;60(Pt 3):504-9. Epub 2009 Aug 4. PMID 19654338.〕〔Arturo Rodríguez-Blanco, Gilles Vetion, Marie-Line Escande, Daniel Delille, Jean-François Ghiglione. (Gallaecimonas pentaromativorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a bacterium carrying 16S rRNA gene heterogeneity and able to degrade high-molecularmass polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2010), 60, 504–509 DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.013532-0 ()〕 This bacterial ability to degrade high mass polycyclic aromatic compounds is interesting because these compounds are common pollutants spilled in the environment by human activities and tend to accumulate and persist adsorbed to the organic fraction of sediments. Many of those containing 4 to 6 rings are mutagenic, cancerogenic or teratogenic.〔Eisler, R. (1987). Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Hazards to Fish, Wildlife and Invertebrates: a Synoptic Review. Biol Report 85 (1.11). Washington, DC: US Fish and Wildlife Service.〕 The genus name comes from the ancient Latin name of Galicia, Gallaecia, and monas, “monad”, and the term pentaromativorans (pent + aromati + vorans) refers to “degrading/devouring aromatic compounds with five rings”.〔 In 2012, Jianning Wang et al. isolated the species ''Gallaecimonas xiamenensis'' sp. nov. from a crude oil degrading consortium of microorganisms found in Xiamen island (China). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of the strain 3C-1-T indicated it was a member of ''Gallaecimonas''. It is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacterium incapable of nitrate reduction, with a G+C content of 61.3 mol%. 〔Jianning Wang, Qiliang Lai, Xue Duan, Yuanyuan Fu, Liping Wang, Wanpeng Wang, Zongze Shao1. (Gallaecimonas xiamenensis sp. nov., isolated from a crude oil-degrading consortium, enriched from the surface sea water around the Xiamen Island ). IJSEM June 2012 ijs.0.042283-0 []〕 ==External links== * (Image from the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology ) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gallaecimonas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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