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Gallo-Italic of Sicily
The Gallo-Italic of Sicily ((イタリア語:Gallo-italico di Sicilia)) is a group of Gallo-Italic varieties found in about fourteen isolated communities in central-eastern Sicily. It forms a language island within the Sicilian language〔Salvatore Carmelo Trovato, ''La Sicilia'', in Cortelazzo et al. ''I dialetti italiani'', UTET, Torino 2002, p. 882. (In Italian)〕 and dates back to migrations from Northern Italy during the time of Norman Roger I of Sicily,〔(Ann Katherine Isaacs, ''Immigration and emigration in historical perspective'', Edizioni Plus, Pisa 2007, p, 71. )〕 and which continued under his successors.
The towns that were populated by the new immigrants were to become known as the "Lombard communities" (or ''Oppida Lombardorum'' in Latin language, ''cumuna lummardi'' in the Sicilian language). In truth, the colonisers, known as "Lombards of Sicily" were not all from today's Lombardy, but most parts of Northern Italy, including Piedmont, Liguria and Emilia—"Lombardy" being the name for the whole of Northern Italy in the Middle Ages. Apart from their geographic origin, the one common attribute that the colonisers had was that they brought with them their Gallo-Italic idioms. These idioms were to add to the Gallic influence of the newly developing Sicilian language (influences which also include Norman and Old Provençal), and have been influenced by Sicilian itself over the centuries creating distinctive Gallo-Italic languages.
==History==
Although Roger I took 30 years to take complete control of Sicily (1061 to 1091), by 1080 he had effective control over much of the island. In the course of this conquest, large parts of central Sicily became depopulated as the Saracens of the Muslim religion either fled to other Arabic communities that remained intact, or else fled the island entirely in the direction of North Africa. Roger encouraged new migrations to these central parts, in particular, the migrations of Latins who were closely aligned with the Western church. The bulk of the migrations came from Northern Italy. The latter migrations were to provide the vulgar Latin which would form the basis of the new Romance language, while the former migrations would both influence the development of the language profoundly, while at the same time, create altogether unique Gallo-Italic of Sicily idioms in some of the more isolated communities.
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