|
Mount Galunggung (Indonesian: ''Gunung Galunggung'', formerly spelled ''Galoen-gong'') is an active stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia, around southeast of the West Java provincial capital, Bandung (or around to the east of the West Java town of Garut). Mount Galunggung is part of the Sunda Arc extending through Sumatra, Java and Bali, which has resulted from the subduction of the Australian plate beneath the Eurasian plate. For the first time since 1921 after eruptions finished and conditions seemed normal, on February 12, 2012, the status was upgraded to Alert based on changes in conditions.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sejak 1982, Baru Kali ini Galunggung Berstatus Waspada (in Indonesian) )〕 〔 〕 On 28 May 2012, it was lowered from 2 back to 1 (On a scale of 1-4) ==Hazardous eruption of 1982== The last major eruption on Galunggung was in 1982, which had a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 4 and killed 18 people (due to indirect cause (traffic accident, starvation)). This eruption also brought the dangers of volcanic ash to aviation to worldwide attention, after two Boeing 747 passenger jets flying downwind of the eruption suffered temporary engine failures and damage to exterior surfaces, both planes being forced to make emergency landings at Jakarta airport. One, a British Airways aircraft traveling from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia to Perth, Australia carrying 240 passengers, accidentally entered the ash cloud during night in June 1982 downwind of the volcano. All four engines failed due to the buildup of volcanic ash, and the aircraft descended for 16 minutes, losing of its altitude, until the crew managed to restart the engines and land in Jakarta. The following month, a Singapore Airlines aeroplane with approximately 230 passengers aboard also inadvertently entered the cloud at night, and three of its four engines stopped. The crew succeeded in restarting one of the engines after descending . Both aircraft suffered serious damage to their engines and exterior surfaces. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Galunggung」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|