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| Gaolbalization ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Gaolbalization
Gaolbalization is the practice of one country selling its excess prison population to another country that has excess capacity.
The phrase was coined in 2012 by American law professor Eugene Kontorovich to refer to a deal made in 2009 between Belgium and the Netherlands, in which the Netherlands agreed to house approximately 500 Belgian inmates in Tilburg prison near the border with Belgium, in exchange for an annual payment of £26 million. In 2014 the Norwegian justice minister announced that Norway would begin renting several hundred prison spaces in the Netherlands, as the Norwegian prisoner population had outstripped Norway's capacity to house them.
Kontorovich argues that gaolbalization of prisoners is part of a broader pattern in which countries are creating international markets for the efficient housing of populations such as pirates, migrants and refugees. Several countries, he wrote, have begun outsourcing the housing of asylum-seeking refugees to other countries, and countries including European countries and the United States, have transferred pirates they have caught, to be tried and imprisoned in Kenya and the Seychelles.〔
Legal scholars say there has been little formal study of these arrangements, and argue that gaolbalization may suggest that countries are departing from traditional theories of punishment, and are instead normalizing prisons as a staple of contemporary social and economic life.
== References ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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