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Garland is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is a large city northeast of Dallas and is a part of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. It is located almost entirely within Dallas County, except a small portion located in Collin and Rockwall Counties.〔("QuickFacts: Garland, Texas" ), United States Census Bureau〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Population of Texas Cities and Towns Sorted by County )〕 As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 226,876, making it the 87th-most populous city in the United States of America and the 12th-most populous city in the state of Texas. Garland has the second highest population in Dallas County and has easy access to downtown Dallas via public transportation including two Dart Blue line stations and buses. In 2008, Garland was ranked #67 on CNN and ''Money'' magazine's list of the "Top 100 Places to Live".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Best Places to Live 2008 )〕 As of 2014 the city was considered the 6th "Best City for Working Parents".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Best Cities for Working Parents )〕 In 2015, Garland was rated #17 overall and #5 best mid-sized city to purchase a home for "First-Time Home Buyers".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= 2015's Best and Worst Cities for First-Time Home Buyers )〕 In 2015, Garland was ranked the 8th "Best Run City in America".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= 2015's Best & Worst Run Cities in America )〕 ==History== Immigrants began arriving in the Peters colony area around 1850, but a community was not created until 1874. Two communities sprang up in the area: Embree, named for the physician K. H. Embree, and Duck Creek, named for the local creek of the same name. A rivalry between the two towns ensued as the area began to grow around the Santa Fe Railroad depot. Eventually, to settle a dispute regarding which town should have the local post office, Dallas County Judge Thomas A. Nash asked visiting Congressman Joe Abbott to move the post office between the two towns. The move was completed in 1887. The new location was named Garland after U.S. Attorney General Augustus Hill Garland. Soon after, the towns of Embree and Duck Creek were combined, and the three areas combined to form the city of Garland, which was incorporated in 1891. By 1904, the town had a population of 819 people.〔 In 1920, local businessmen financed a new electrical generator plant (sold by Fairbanks-Morse) for the town. This later led to the formation of Garland Power and Light, the municipal electric provider that still powers the city today.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ci.garland.tx.us/Home/General+Information/Garland+History/ )〕 On May 9, 1927, a devastating F4 tornado struck the town and killed 15 people, including the former mayor, S. E. Nicholson. Businesses began to move back into the area in the late 1930s. The Craddock food company and later the Byer-Rolnick hat factory (now owned by Resistol) moved into the area. In 1937, KRLD, a major Dallas radio station, built its radio antenna tower in Garland, and it is operational to this day. During World War II, several aircraft plants were operated in the area, and the Kraft Foods company purchased a vacant one after the war for its own use. By 1950, the population of Garland exceeded 10,000 people.〔 From 1950 to 1954, though, the Dallas/Garland area suffered from a serious and extended drought, so to supplement the water provided by wells, Garland began using the water from the nearby Lake Lavon. The suburban population boom that the whole country experienced after World War II also reached Garland by 1960, when the population nearly quadrupled from the 1950 figure to about 38,500. By 1970, the population had doubled to about 81,500. By 1980, the population reached 138,850.〔 Charles R. Matthews served as mayor in the 1980s; he was later a member of the elected Texas Railroad Commission. In the 2000s, Garland added several notable developments, mostly in the northern portion of the city. Hawaiian Falls waterpark opened in 2003. (Garland formerly had a Wet 'n Wild waterpark, which closed in 1993). The Garland Independent School District's Special Events Center,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Curtis Culwell Center )〕 an arena and conference facility, opened in 2005, as did Firewheel Town Center, an outdoor mall with more than 100 businesses. In 2009, the city, in conjunction with the developer Trammell Crow Company, finished a public/private partnership to develop the old courthouse and parking lot (the land between 5th Street, 6th Street, and on the north side of Austin Street) into a new mixed-use, transit-oriented development named 5th Street Crossing. Catercorner to both City Hall and the downtown DART Rail station, the project consists of 189 residential apartment units, of flex retail, and six live-work units.〔(JHP Architecture/Urban Design - 5th Street Crossing )〕 On May 3, 2015, two men attacked an art exhibition featuring works depicting Muhammad. The gunmen drove up to the Curtis Culwell Center and opened fire on a security guard; the gunmen were then killed by police. One security guard suffered minor injuries. The American Freedom Defense Initiative (AFDI) had hosted the art exhibit in support of freedom of speech. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Garland, Texas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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