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Gawker is an American blog founded by Nick Denton and Elizabeth Spiers and based in New York City. It promotes itself as "the source for daily Manhattan media news and gossip." It focuses on celebrities and the media industry. According to third-party web analytics provider SimilarWeb, the site has over 23 million visits per month, as of 2015.〔("Gawker.com" ) SimilarWeb. Retrieved 2015-6-28.〕 Founded in 2003, Gawker is the flagship blog for Denton's Gawker Media. Gawker has created other blogs, including Defamer and Deadspin, which covers sports. The site's editor-in-chief and executive editor resigned in July 2015 when Denton removed a controversial post from the site without their support. In October 2015, Alex Pareene was announced as the new editor-in-chief. ==History== Gawker was founded by Nick Denton in 2002, after he left the Financial Times.〔 It was originally edited by Elizabeth Spiers. Gawker’s official launch was in December 2002 When Spiers left Gawker, she was replaced by Choire Sicha, a former art dealer.〔 Sicha was employed in this position from after her departure until August 2004, at which point he was replaced by Jessica Coen, and he became editorial director of Gawker Media. Sicha left for the New York Observer six months after his promotion. Later, in 2005, the editor position was split between two co-editors, and Coen was joined by guest editors from a variety of New York City-based blogs; Matt Haber was engaged as co-editor for several months, and Jesse Oxfeld joined for longer. In July 2006, Oxfeld's contract was not renewed, and Alex Balk was installed. Chris Mohney, formerly of Gridskipper, Gawker Media's travel blog, was hired for the newly created position of managing editor. On September 28, 2006, Coen announced in a post on Gawker that she would be leaving the site to become deputy online editor at ''Vanity Fair''. Balk shared responsibility for the Gawker site with co-editor Emily Gould. Associate editor Maggie Shnayerson also began writing for the site; she replaced Doree Shafrir, who left in September 2007 for the ''New York Observer''. In February 2007, Sicha returned from his position at the ''The New York Observer'', and replaced Mohney as the managing editor. On September 21, 2007, Gawker announced that Balk would depart to edit ''Radar'' magazine's website; he would be replaced by Alex Pareene of ''Wonkette''. The literary journal ''n+1'' published a long piece on the history and future of Gawker, concluding that, "You could say that as Gawker Media grew, from Gawker’s success, Gawker outlived the conditions for its existence".〔 〕 In 2008, weekend editor Ian Spiegelman quit Gawker because Denton fired his friend Sheila McClear without cause. He made that clear in several comments on the site at the time, also denouncing what he said was its practice of hiring full-time employees as independent contractors in order to avoid paying taxes and employment benefits.〔 〕 On October 3, 2008, Gawker announced that 19 staff members were being laid off in response to expected economic hardships in the coming months. Most came from sites with low ad revenue. On November 12, 2008, the company announced selling the popular blog site Consumerist and the folding of Valleywag, with managing editor Owen Thomas being demoted to a columnist on Gawker, and the rest of the staff being laid off. Some members and staff writers complained that owner Nick Denton was looking to sell out all of the Gawker sites while they were still profitable. In December 2009, Denton was nominated for "Media Entrepreneur of the Decade" by ''Adweek,'' and Gawker was named "Blog of the Decade" by the advertising trade. Brian Morrissey of ''Adweek'' said "Gawker remains the epitome of blogging: provocative, brash, and wildly entertaining". In February 2010, Denton announced that Gawker was acquiring the "people directory" site CityFile.com, and was hiring that site's editor and publisher, Remy Stern, as the new editor-in-chief of Gawker. Gabriel Snyder, who had been editor-in-chief for the previous 18 months and had greatly increased the site's readership, released a memo saying he was being let go from the job.〔 〕 In December 2011, A. J. Daulerio, former editor-in-chief of Gawker Media sports site Deadspin, replaced Remy Stern as editor-in-chief at Gawker. The company replaced several other editors, contributing editors, and authors; others left. Richard Lawson went to the ''Atlantic Wire,'' a blog of the magazine, ''Atlantic Monthly.'' In 2012, the website changed its focus away from editorial content and toward what its new editor-in-chief A. J. Daulerio called "traffic whoring" and "SEO bomb throws".〔(Gawker Will Be Conducting An Experiment, Please Enjoy Your Free Cute Cats Singing And Sideboobs ), A.J. Daulerio, Gawker, January 23, 2012〕〔(Four truths about Gawker-Brian Williams e-mail thing ), Erik Wemple, ''Washington Post'', January 17, 2012; accessed June 20, 2012〕 In January 2013 Daulerio reportedly asked for more responsibility over other Gawker Media properties, but after a short time was pushed out by publisher Denton.〔(A.J. Daulerio Is Leaving Gawker for ‘Who the F#@K Knows’ ), Kara Bloomgarden-Smoke and Hunter Walker, ''New York Observer'', January 10, 2013; accessed January 11, 2013〕〔(A.J. Daulerio Out as Gawker Editor in Chief ), Charlie Warzel, ''AdWeek'', January 10, 2013; accessed January 11, 2013〕 Daulerio was replaced as editor-in-chief by longtime Gawker writer John Cook.〔(A.J. Daulerio Out As Gawker Editor; John Cook to Step Up ), Joe Coscarelli, ''New York'', January 10, 2013; accessed January 11, 2013〕 In March 2014, Max Read became the Gawker's editor-in-chief. In April 2014, using internet slang was banned per new writing style guidelines. In June 2015, Gawker editorial staff voted to unionize. Employees joined the Writers Guild of America. Approximately three-fourths of employees eligible to vote voted in favor of the decision. Gawker staff announced the vote on May 28, 2015. Following the decision to delete a controversial story in July 2015, Read and Gawker Media executive editor Tommy Craggs resigned in protest. Leah Beckmann, the site’s then deputy editor, took over as interim editor in chief. She was replaced in October 2015 by Alex Pareene. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gawker」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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