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The ''gayageum'' or ''kayagum'' is a traditional Korean zither-like string instrument, with 12 strings, though some more recent variants have 21 or other number of strings. It is probably the best known traditional Korean musical instrument.〔Jan. 11, 2007,(''Korean Instruments'' ) Seoul Metropolitan Government〕 It is related to other Asian instruments, including the Chinese guzheng, the Japanese koto, the Mongolian yatga, and the Vietnamese đàn tranh. == History == According to the ''Samguksagi (삼국사기,三國史記)'' (1145), a history of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, the ''gayageum'' was developed around the 6th century in the Gaya confederacy by King Gasil (also known as Haji of Daegaya) after he observed an old Chinese instrument. He ordered a musician named Wu Ruk to compose music that could be played on the instrument. The original name was ''gayago'' and later gayageum. The ''gayageum'' was then further improved by Wu Ruk during the reign of Jinheung in the Shilla Dynasty. The ancient ''gayageum'' of King Gashil was called by several names, including ''beopgeum'' (law-zither, 법금), ''pungnyu'' (elegance, 풍류), or ''jeong-ak'' (right music, 정악) ''gayageum''. It is normally associated with accompaniment for court music, chamber music, and lyric songs. This type of ''gayageum'' has a wider spacing between the strings and plays slower tempo music such as ''Yeongsan-hoesang'' and ''Mit-doduri''. The ''sanjo gayageum'' is believed to have evolved in the 19th century with the emergence of sanjo music—which literally means ''scattered melodies'', a musical form that involves fast tempos and some improvisation. The ''sanjo gayageum'' version of the instrument has closer string spacing and a shorter length to let musicians play the faster passages required for sanjo (Choi 2005). The sanjo gayageum is now the most widespread form of ''gayageum''.(KCMPC 2001). All traditional ''gayageum'' use silk strings, though, since the late 20th century, some musicians use nylon. Modern versions of the ''gayageum'' with more strings often use nylon-wrapped steel strings, similar to those used for the Chinese ''guzheng'' (Choi 2005). Brass strings have also been introduced to produce a louder sound, which is preferred for accompanying dance (Park 2004). To play modern music, ''gayageum'' with a greater number of strings have been developed, increasing the instrument's range. ''Gayageum'' are available with 13, 17, 18, 21, 22, or 25 strings (Choi 2005), though instruments with more strings are available custom-made.(photo of ''gayageum'' with 25 strings ) The 21 string gayageum is normally found in North Korea. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gayageum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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