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Gelemso (Ge'ez ገለምሶ ) is a town in eastern Ethiopia, in the western periphery of the highly networked mountain chain referred to by the natives as Fugug but by geographers as the Ahmar Mountains.〔(አዲስ አድማስ ጋዜጣ፣ ሰኔ 20፣ 2001፣ ‹‹ፉጉግና የሐረርጌ ኦሮሞ›› ) The marvelous networking of the ''Fugug Mountains'' and the ethnography of the indigenous ''Oromo of Harerghe'' were extensively described in this June 27/ 2009 (ሰኔ 20/2001 in Gee'z calendar) edition of the Amharic Weekly Newspaper called ''Addis Admass''. For full citation, visit this website〕 The administrative center of Habro woreda in the Mirab (West) Hararghe Zone of the Oromia Regional State, it has a latitude and longitude of . Gelemso is the origin of a variety of khat called by the same name (Gelemso). It is also a scene of an Amharic novel known as Akel Dama (''the Bloody Land''), written by Theodros Mulatu in 1991. ==Etymology== Oral history says the name ''Gelemso'' came from the Oromo phrase ''Galma Usso'', meaning the ''Hall of Usso'' or ''House of Usso'', a mosque named for a man who came to preach Islam to the Ittu Oromos in the 13th century,〔Oromia Culture and Tourism Commission, ''History of the Oromo People up to 16th Century'', Adama, 2004, p. 94〕 called by his followers Aw Seid, and by the Oromos with his given name ''Usso'' after he was made ''ilma gossa'' or ''the adopted son'' of the Warra Qallu clan of the Ittu Oromo . As ''galma'' usually refers to the worship house under the traditional (Waqefanna ) religion of the Oromos, we may wonder why the mosque was called so. The Oromo elders explain the case as follows. The Ittu Oromo〔Mohammed Hassen: ''Menelik’s Conquest of Harar, 1887, and Its Effect on Political Organization of the Surrounding Oromos Up to 1900'', in'' Working Papers of Society and History in Imperial Ethiopia: The Southern Periphery from 1800's to 1974'', edited by P.L. Donham and Wendy James, African Studies Centre, Cambridge University, 1980, p. 227-246, in this essay, Mohammed Hassen beautifully described the settlements of the three major bodies of the Eastern Oromo. For ethnography and especially for the history of the Eastern Oromos, the works of Mohammed Hassen are awesome.〕 who are usually mentioned as the native Oromo group of the Chercher highlands, says ''AW Seid'' was the first person to start an Islamization campaign in their land. His real name was ''Seid Ali'' and according to the oral history of the Ittu Oromo], he was a Sharif (i.e. descendant of Prophet Mohammed)〔Ulrich Braukämper: ''Islamic History and Culture in Southern Ethiopia. Collected Essays'', Göttinger Studien zur Ethnologie 9, 2003, ISBN 978-3-8258-5671-7, p. 138, 118& 122, 166, 135, (16-19, 23, 28, 36, 102, 107, 109, 120, 136), (16-19, 23, 28, 36, 102, 107, 109, 120, 136), 117-122, 116, 118, 119, 119, 119, 116-117, (16-19, 23, 28, 36, 102, 107, 109, 120, 136), 131, 118, 70-76, 116-120,- Professor Urlich Braukamper is one of the leading authorities in the study of Islamic History and Culture in Ethiopia. He was so considerate man that while his study was concerned on the ''Hadiya'' people of southern Ethiopia, he traveled as far as Gelemso to know the ancient links of the ''Hadiya'' with other people. His book is an advisable work to read〕 It was in latter periods that his followers who believed in his sainthood added a prefix ''Aw'' to his name, in the manner of the Harari and the Somali who call their saints and national heroes so. (''Aw'' meaning father in Harari language, and male saints are usually called with this title.).〔〔Camilla Gibb: ''In the City of Saints: Religion, Politics, and Culture in Harar, Ethiopia'', PhD Thesis, University of Toronto, 1996, p. 70 & 276, 279,156-160, 73, 70&319〕 Since then, Seid Ali has been called ''Aw Seid''. Local history tellers say that in order to achieve his target, ''Aw Seid'' had to seek a means that enables him live in the land of the Oromos with full citizenship rights, which could be accessed under the tradition of the Oromo people at that time.〔Oromia Culture and Tourism Commission, ''History of the Oromo People up to 16th Century'', Adama, 2004, p. 94-99〕 Accordingly, he became ''ilma gosa'' or the ''adopted son'' of the Warra Qallu sub-group within the Ittu Oromo division of the Eastern Oromo,〔 and on his adoption ceremony, the Oromos named him ''Usso''. When Aw Seid built his mosque in the southern part of the current site of Gelemso town, the Oromo started to call it ''galma Usso''. Here, as elders say, ''galma'' stands to notify the spiritual significance of the newly built structure, (even though galma originally refers to the worshiping house of the traditional Oromo religion, the Oromos used to call the worshiping house of any faith by this name) and ''Usso'' denotes the owner of the house (in this case ''Aw Seid''). The name ''Galma Usso'' was introduced in this way, and in the long period of time, it evolved to ''Gelemso''. This story is in not documented, while the Islamization effort of Aw Seid has been discussed by different scholars.〔 However, as the name ''Gelemso'' can never be found at any other place in the Oromo lands (in the whole of Ethiopia and the world either), and as it has no exact meaning in Oromo or any other language, it might be sound to conclude the ancient ''Galma Usso'' gave rise to the current ''Gelemso'', the name of the town. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gelemso」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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