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''Generalissimo'' ((イタリア語:Generalissimo) (:dʒeneraˈlissimo), (スペイン語:Generalísimo) (:xeneɾaˈlisimo), (ポルトガル語:Generalíssimo) (:ʒenɨɾaˈlisimu), (ラテン語:Generalissimus)) is a military rank of the highest degree, superior to field marshal and other five-star ranks in the countries in which they are used. The word ''generalissimo'' is Italian and is the absolute superlative of ''generale'' ('general'), thus meaning "the highest-ranking of all generals". Notable examples of ''generalissimos'' include leader of the Republic of China from 1938 to 1975 Chiang Kai-shek, Alexander Menshikov of the Russian Imperial Army (1727-1728),〔 Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla of the Revolutionary Army of Mexico (1809-1811),〔 Kim Jong-Il of the Korean People's Army (1991-2011),〔 George Washington of the Continental and United States Armies (1775-1799 and 1798-1799, respectively),〔 John J. Pershing of the American Expeditionary Forces,〔 Francisco Franco of the Spanish Armed Forces (1936-1975),〔 Maxime Weygand of the French Army (1939), Emilio Aguinaldo of the Philippine Revolutionary Army (1898-1901),〔 and Charles XIV John of Sweden of the Royal Swedish Army (1810-1811).〔 The rank Generalissimus of the Soviet Union would have been a ''generalissimo'' but Stalin refused to adopt the rank.〔Service, Robert (2005). ''Stalin: A Biography''. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. p. 548. ISBN 978-0-674-01697-2.〕〔S. M. Shtemenko. The General Staff in the War Years. Moskva 1985. Vietnamese version (vol. 2) . pp. 587-588.〕 ==Usage== The word "''generalissimo''" is an Italian term, from ''generale'', plus the superlative suffix ''-issimo'', itself from Latin ''-issimus'',〔, French ''Larousse Étymologique''.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Online Etymology Dictionary )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Define Generalissimo at Dictionary.com )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Generalissimo – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Definition of generalissimo – Oxford Dictionaries (British & World English) )〕 meaning "utmost, to the highest grade". Historically this rank was given to a military officer leading an entire army or the entire armed forces of a nation, usually only subordinate to the sovereign. Other usage of the rank has been for the commander of the united armies of several allied powers. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Generalissimo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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