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Gentius (, ruled 181–168 BC〔.〕) was the last Illyrian king of the Ardiaean State. The name appears to derive from PIE '' *g'en-'' "to beget", cognate to Latin ''gens'', ''gentis'' "kin, clan, race".〔.〕 He was the son of Pleuratus III, a king who kept relations with Rome very strong. Gentius's principal city was Shkodra, the capital of Ardiaean State at the time. In 180 BC, during his early reign the Dalmatians and Daorson declared themselves independent from Gentius's rule and the city of Rhizon abandoned him prior to his defeat, receiving immunity from the Romans.〔.〕 He married Etuta, the daughter of the Dardanian King Monunius.〔.〕 In 171 BC, Gentius was allied with the Romans against the Macedonians, but in 169 BC he changed sides and allied himself with Perseus of Macedon. The southernmost city of the Ardiaean State of Gentius was Lissus, a situation established since the First Illyrian War.〔.〕 He arrested two Roman legati, accusing them of not coming as emissaries but as spies. Gentius destroyed the cities of Apollonia and Dyrrhachium, which were allied with Rome. In 168 BC, he was defeated at Scodra by a Roman force under L. Anicius Gallus, in only twenty or thirty days,〔.〕 and in 167 brought to Rome as a captive to participate in Gallus's triumph, after which he was interned in Iguvium. The date of his death is unknown. After his defeat, the Romans split the region into three administrative divisions,〔.〕 called ''meris''.〔 The extent of the first meris is not known, while the second was Labeates, and the third was Acruvium, Rhizon, Olcinium and their environs.〔.〕 The legend on the coins was in ancient Greek, and is as follows: ((ギリシア語:ΒΑΣΙ ΓΕΝ)), or ((ギリシア語:ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΓΕΝΘΙΟΥ)) which came from Scodra.〔 ==Relations with Rome== By 181 BC the loyal Pleuratus had been succeeded by his son Gentius. During his reign relations with the Ardiaean State and Rome started to dwindle. The coast and hinterland south of the Drin remained under Roman control since the First Illyrian Wars against Teuta. Gentius moved to increase Illyrian power over kindred peoples living to the north and west. Among the islands the Greek city of Issa had retained some form of independence under Roman protection but Pharos remained an Illyrian possession. On the mainland the Delmatae and the Daorsi were at one time subjects, but the former defected soon after the accession of Gentius. Illyrian strength lay in the navy and ships and it was their interference with Adriatic shipping which once more aroused Roman interest in the area. In 180 BC a Roman praetor responsible for coastal protection arrived in Brudisium with some ships of Gentius said to have been caught in the act of piracy. An embassy to Illyria failed to locate the king; but the praetor discovered that Romans were held for ransom at Korčula. No outcome of the affair is reported and it may well be that the Senate accepted a claim by Gentius' envoys that the charges were false. Ten years later,when Rome was gripped with war-fever against Perseus of Macedonia, Issa accused Gentius of plotting war with the king and now the Illyrian envoys were denied a hearing before the Senate. Instead the Romans seized 54 Illyrian lembi at anchor in the harbor of Epidamnus. On the eve of war a Roman senator was sent to Illyria to remind Gentius of his formal friendship with the Roman Republic. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gentius」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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