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Geocriticism
Geocriticism is a method of literary analysis and literary theory that incorporates the study of geographic space. The term designates a number of different critical practices. In France, Bertrand Westphal has elaborated the concept of ''géocritique'' in several works.〔See Westphal, ''La Géocritique, Réel, Fiction, Espace'', Paris, Éditions de Minuit, 2007.〕 In the United States, Robert Tally has argued for a geocriticism as a critical practice suited to the analysis of what he has termed literary cartography.〔See, e.g., Tally's "Geocriticism and Classic American Literature" and ''Spatiality''.〕
==Origins==
Some of the first expressly ''geocritical'' writings emerged from symposia organized by Westphal at the University of Limoges. Westphal's foundational essay, "Pour une approche géocritique des textes"〔Available in French online at http://www.vox-poetica.net/sflgc/biblio/gcr.html〕 constitutes a manifesto for geocriticism. Westphal's theory is elaborated in greater detail in his ''Geocriticism: Real and Fictional Spaces'', translated by Tally, who also provides a brief introduction. But there are also many works addressing similar themes and using similar methods that might be considered geocritical, even if the term "geocriticism" is not used.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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