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The ''Geographica'' (Ancient Greek: Γεωγραφικά ''Geōgraphiká''), or ''Geography'', is an encyclopedia of geographical knowledge, consisting of 17 'books', written in Greek by Strabo, an educated citizen of the Roman empire of Greek descent. Work can have begun on it no earlier than 20 BC. A first edition was published in 7 BC followed by a gap, resumption of work and a final edition no later than 23 AD in the last year of Strabo's life. Strabo probably worked on his ''Geography'' and now missing ''History'' concurrently, as the ''Geography'' contains a considerable amount of historical data. Except for parts of Book 7, the complete work is known. ==Title of the work== Strabo refers to his ''Geography'' within it by several names: * geōgraphia, "description of the earth"〔Book 3 chapter 1 section 1 1st sentence, page C136.〕 * chōrographia, "description of the land" * periēgēsis, "an outline"〔Book 3 chapter 4 section 5 last sentence, page C158.〕 * periodos gēs, "circuit of the earth"〔Book 6 chapter 1 section 2, page C253.〕 * periodeia tēs chōrās, "circuit of the land"〔Book 9 chapter 5 section 14, page C435.〕 Apart from the "outline", two words recur, "earth" and "country." Something of a theorist, Strabo explains what he means by Geography and Chorography:〔Book 2 chapter 5 section 17, page C120, Jones translation.〕 It is the sea more than anything else that defines the contours of the land (''geōgraphei'') and gives it its shape, by forming gulfs, deep seas, straits and likewise isthmuses, peninsulas, and promontories; but both the rivers and the mountains assist the seas herein. It is through such natural features that we gain a clear conception of continents, nations, favourable positions of cities and all the other diversified details with which our geographical map (''chorographikos pinax'') is filled. From this description it is clear that by ''geography'' Strabo means ancient physical geography and by ''chorography'', political geography. The two are combined in this work, which makes a "circuit of the earth" detailing the physical and political features. Strabo often uses the adjective ''geōgraphika'' with reference to the works of others and to geography in general, but not of his own work. In the Middle Ages it became the standard name used of his work. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Geographica」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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