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Ghaghara, also called Karnali ((ネパール語:कर्णाली) Karṇālī (); Hindi: घाघरा Ghāghrā ()) is a perennial trans-boundary river originating on the Tibetan Plateau near Lake Mansarovar. It cuts through the Himalayas in Nepal and joins the Sharda River at Brahmaghat in India. Together they form the Ghaghra River, a major left bank tributary of the Ganges. With a length of it is the longest river in Nepal. The total length of Ghaghara River up to its confluence with the Ganges at Doriganj in Bihar is .〔Jain, S.K., Agarwal, P.K., Singh, V.P. (2007) ''Hydrology and Water Resources of India'' Springer, The Netherlands. ISBN 1-4020-5179-4. (book preview )〕 It is the largest tributary of the Ganges by volume and the second longest tributary of the Ganges by length after Yamuna. In Chinese it is called ''K'ung-ch'iao Ho'', in Nepali it is called ''Kauriala'' and ''Karnali''. It is also spelled ''Gogra'', ''Ghaghra'', ''Ghogra'', ''Ghagra'', or ''Ghāghara''.〔(Ghāghara River - Britannica Online Encyclopedia )〕 == Course == It rises in the southern slopes of the Himalayas in Tibet, in the glaciers of Mapchachungo, at an elevation of about above sea level. The river flows south through one of the most remote and least explored areas of Nepal as the Karnali River. The Seti River drains the western part of the catchment and joins the Karnali River in Doti District north of Dundras hill. Another tributary, the long Bheri, rises in the western part of Dhaulagiri Himalaya and drains the eastern part of the catchment, meeting the Karnali near Kuineghat in Surkhet.〔(Karnali River: Longest River of Nepal « Wildlife in West Nepal )〕 Cutting southward across the Siwalik Hills, it splits into two branches, the Geruwa on the left and Kauriala on the right near Chisapani to rejoin south of the Indian border and form the proper Ghaghara. Other tributaries originating in Nepal are the West Rapti, the Kali (or Mahakali) and the little Gandak. Another important tributary of Ghaghara in India is the Sarayu river, famous for the location of Ayodhya, the capital of Dasarath’s Kingdom. It flows southeast through Uttar Pradesh and Bihar states to join the Ganges downstream of the town of Chhapra, after a course of . Sarayu river is stated to be synonymous with the modern Ghaghara river or as a tributary of it. Karnali River exposes the oldest part of the Sivalik Hills of Nepal. The remnant magnetization of siltstones and sandstones in this group suggests a depositional age of between 16 million and 5.2 million years.〔Gautam, P., Fujiwara, Y. (2000) ''Magnetic polarity stratigraphy of Siwalik Group sediments of Karnali River section in western Nepal.'' Geophysical Journal International, Volume 142, Issue 3: 812-824. (download pdf )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ghaghara」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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