| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Giganotosaurus ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Giganotosaurus
''Giganotosaurus'' ( 〔Academy of Natural Sciences: (Giganotosaurus )〕 or meaning "giant southern lizard") is a genus of carcharodontosaurid dinosaurs that lived in what is now Argentina during the early Cenomanian age of the Late Cretaceous Period,〔 approximately some 99.6 to 97 million years ago.〔Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. (2012) ''Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages,'' (Winter 2011 Appendix. )〕 It included some of the largest known terrestrial carnivores, with known individuals equaling or slightly bigger than the size of the largest of the genera ''Tyrannosaurus'' and ''Carcharodontosaurus'', but not as large as those of ''Spinosaurus''.
==Description==
The skeleton of the holotype specimen (MUCPv-Ch1) is about 70% complete and includes parts of the skull, a lower jaw, pelvis, hindlimbs and most of the backbone, missing only the premaxillae, jugals, quadratojugals, the back of the lower jaws and the forelimbs. A second specimen (MUCPv-95) has also been identified, found in 1988 by Jorge Calvo and consisting of a fragment of a lower jaw,〔J.O. Calvo, 1990, "Un gigantesco theropodo del Miembro Candeleros (Albiano–Cenomaniano) del la Formación Río Limay, Patagonia, Argentina", ''VII Jornadas Argentinas de Paleontología de Vertebrados. Ameghiniana'' 26(3-4): 241〕 said to be 8% larger than the corresponding part in the first specimen.〔Calvo, J.O. and Coria, R.A. (1998) "New specimen of ''Giganotosaurus carolinii'' (Coria & Salgado, 1995), supports it as the largest theropod ever found." ''Gaia'', 15: 117–122. (pdf link )〕
The skull of ''Giganotosaurus'' is large; that of the holotype was in 1995 estimated at in length.〔 Even though the original authors briefly claimed the length to be up to 〔Coria, R. & Salgado, L., 1996, "Dinosaurios carnívoros de Sudamérica", ''Investigación Sciencia'', 237: 39-40〕—leading to an estimate of skull length for the referred specimen〔—this claim was not repeated by subsequent workers and one of the original authors was in 2002 co-writer of an article giving a holotype skull length of .〔 Some have claimed that even the original estimate was too long and believe the skull to be almost exactly comparable to the one of ''Tyrannosaurus'' in length.〔Matthew T. Carrano, Roger B. J. Benson & Scott D. Sampson, 2012, "The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda)", ''Journal of Systematic Palaeontology'', 10(2): 233〕 The skull is slender and elongated in build, with rugose areas on the edges of the snout top and above the eye. The supratemporal openings were overhung by the edges of the skull roof where the jaw muscles of each side directly attached instead of meeting each other at a midline skull crest. The back of the skull as preserved is strongly inclined forwards, bringing the jaw joints far behind the attachment point of the neck.〔 The endocast of ''Giganotosaurus'' has a volume of 〔 and including the olfactory bulbs, it was 19% longer than that of the related theropod, ''Carcharodontosaurus saharicus''.〔Ariana Paulina Carabajal & J.I. Canale, 2010, "Cranial endocast of the carcharodontosaurid theropod ''Giganotosaurus carolinii'' Coria & Salgado, 1995", ''Neues Jahrbuch fuer Geologie & Palaeontologie, Abhandlungen'' 258(2): 249-256〕
The shoulder blade was very short and thick, with sudden kinks in its shaft. The ischium had a paddle-shaped end; the thigh bone, long in the holotype, had a head that was pointing relatively upwards.〔J.O. Calvo, 1999, "Dinosaurs and other vertebrates of the Lake Ezequiel Ramos Mexía area, Neuquén-Patagonia, Argentina", In: Y. Tomida, T. H. Rich, and P. Vickers-Rich (eds.), ''Proceedings of the Second Gondwanan Dinosaur Symposium, National Science Museum Monographs'' 15: 13-45〕 The mid dorsal vertebrae carried rather high spines. The total length of the holotype has been estimated between ,〔〔Coria, R.A. and Currie, P.J. (2006). "A new carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina." ''Geodiversitas'', 28(1): 71-118. (pdf link )〕 the largest specimen is ,〔 and the weight between .
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Giganotosaurus」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|