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Gigantosaurus
''Gigantosaurus'' (from the Greek "Γίγας" and "σαυρος", meaning "giant lizard") is a sauropod dinosaur genus from the Late Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation of England.〔()〕 The type species, ''Gigantosaurus megalonyx'', was named and described by Harry Govier Seeley in 1869.〔Seeley, H.G., 1869, ''Index to the Fossil Remains of Aves, Ornithosauria, and Reptilia from the Secondary System of Strata, arranged in the Woodwardian Museum of the University of Cambridge. III.'' Geological Magazine 7〕 Its syntype series consists of several separately discovered sauropod bones found in Cambridgeshire, including two caudal (tail) vertebrae (CAMSM J.29477 and CAMSM J.29478), the distal end of a tibia (CAMSM J.29483), a cast of the right radius (CAMSM J.29482), a cast of phalanx (CAMSM J.29479) and an osteoderm (CAMSM J.29481).〔Martill, D.M., Naish, D. & Earland, S. 2006. Dinosaurs in marine strata: evidence from the British Jurassic, including a review of the allochthonous vertebrate assemblage from the marine Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Great Britain. In: Colectivo Arqueologico y Paleontologico Salense, (ed.) Actas de las III Jornadas Intrernacionales sobre Paleontologı´a de Dinosaurios y su Entorno, 16–17 Sep. 2004. Salas de los Infantes, Burgos, 47–84.〕 It was synonymised to ''Ornithopsis humerocristatus'' by Richard Lydekker in 1888〔Lydekker, R. (1888). ''Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History). Part I. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia, Dinosauria, Squamata, Rhynchocephalia, and Proterosauria.'' British Museum (Natural History):London, 1-309.〕 and to ''Pelorosaurus'' by Friedrich von Huene in 1909.〔F. v. Huene. 1909. Skizze zu einer Systematik und Stammesgeschichte der Dinosaurier (of the systematics and origins of the dinosaurs ). Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie 1909:12-22〕 Today it is considered a ''nomen dubium''.
Because of these references Eberhard Fraas incorrectly assumed in 1908 the name was available for other species and he used it, despite it being preoccupied for African material totally unrelated to the British finds.〔Fraas, E. 1908, "Ostafrikanische dinosaurier". ''Palaeontographica'', 55:105-1〕 As a result, the name ''Gigantosaurus'' factored into the convoluted taxonomic history of the African dinosaurs ''Barosaurus'', ''Tornieria'', and ''Janenschia''. A discussion of this can be found in the main ''Tornieria'' article.
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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