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GiveDirectly is a nonprofit organization currently operating in Kenya and Uganda that aims to help people living in extreme poverty by making unconditional cash transfers to them via mobile phone (through M-Pesa in Kenya and MTN's Mobile Money system in Uganda). It is the first charity dedicated exclusively to cash transfers. Approximately 90% of donor funds are sent directly to recipients, with the remaining 10% split between fees for the transfers and recipient identification and follow-up costs. This is far more efficient than other charities, according to the American Institute of Philanthropy. In August 2012, Chris Hughes, one of the co-founders of social network Facebook and (as of August 2012) the publisher and editor-in-chief of ''The New Republic'', who had also worked for the 2008 Obama presidential campaign, joined the GiveDirectly board and published a personal message on the GiveDirectly website lauding GiveDirectly's approach.〔(【引用サイトリンク】a personal message from Chris Hughes )〕 In November 2012, charity evaluator GiveWell named GiveDirectly its #2 recommended charity for 2012 end-of-year giving. In December 2013, GiveWell named GiveDirectly as one of its top three charities (numerical rankings were not provided in 2013, but GiveWell recommended donors give to all three top charities until they reached "minimum targets", which was $2.5M for GiveDirectly). In December 2014, GiveWell listed GiveDirectly as one of its top four recommended charities, alongside Against Malaria Foundation, Deworm the World Initiative, and Schistosomiasis Control Initiative. GiveWell listed the same top four charities in November 2015, recommended that Good Ventures donate $9.8 million to GiveDirectly, and identified an additional funding gap of $74.3 million for the organization (of which $24.8 million would be necessary for the organization's current or planned programs for the coming year).〔(【引用サイトリンク】Top charities )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】Our updated top charities for giving season 2015 )〕 == History == GiveDirectly was founded by a team led by Paul Niehaus, then in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Niehaus holds an academic appointment in the Department of Economics at the University of California, San Diego, and is the President of GiveDirectly. According to its website:〔 “GiveDirectly was founded by Paul Niehaus, Michael Faye, Rohit Wanchoo and Jeremy Shapiro, who were studying economic development at Harvard and MIT at the time and also looking for the most effective way to give their own money to reduce poverty. They found that cash transfers had a strong evidence base, and that the rapid growth of mobile payments technology in emerging markets had opened the door to delivering cash transfers securely and efficiently on an unprecedented scale. They created GiveDirectly as a private giving circle in 2009 and opened it to the public in 2011 after two years of operational testing.” In a Quora answer, Michael Faye, one of the co-founders, wrote that when they founded GiveDirectly, they were economics graduate students looking at where to best donate that money, and they were motivated to look at unconditional cash transfers; due to the lack of existing organizations that supported this they started their own. Faye cited two inspirations for choosing unconditional cash transfers: * The rise of rigorous randomized testing showing that unconditional cash transfers could benefit the recipients and did not have some drawbacks previously suspected * The growth of mobile payments and financial connectivity, making a scalable unconditional cash transfer solution possible. GiveDirectly's operations were initially limited to Kenya. In November 2013, GiveDirectly officially announced that it had begun operations in Uganda.〔 In June 2014, the founders of GiveDirectly announced plans to create a for-profit technology company, Segovia, aimed at improving the efficiency of cash transfer distributions in the developing world.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「GiveDirectly」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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