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Glagolitic alphabet
The Glagolitic alphabet (, also known as ''Glagolitsa'') is the oldest known Slavic alphabet. It was created in the 9th century by Saint Cyril, a Byzantine monk from Thessaloniki. He and his brother, Saint Methodius, were sent by the Byzantine Emperor in year 863 to Great Moravia to spread Christianity among the Slavs in the area. The brothers decided to translate liturgical books into the Old Slavic language that was understandable to the general population, but as the words of that language could not be written using either the Greek or Latin alphabets, Cyril decided to invent a new script - Glagolitic, which he based on the language of the Macedonian Slavs from the Thessaloniki region. After the deaths of Cyril and Methodius, the Glagolitic alphabet ceased to be used in Moravia, but their students continued to propagate it in the west and south. The Glagolitic alphabet was preserved only by the Croats who have been using it from the 12th until the 20th century, mostly in liturgy.
==Name==
The name was not coined until many centuries after its creation, and comes from the Old Church Slavonic ''glagolъ'' "utterance" (also the origin of the Slavic name for the letter ''G''). The verb ''glagoliti'' means "to speak". It has been conjectured that the name ''glagolitsa'' developed in Croatia around the 14th century and was derived from the word ''glagolity'', applied to adherents of the liturgy in Slavonic.〔Bernard Comrie and Greville G. Corbett, ''The Slavonic Languages,'' Taylor & Francis, 2002, p. 29.〕
In Old Church Slavonic the name is , (''kyrillovitsa'').
The words that denote ''Glagolitic alphabet'' in the main Slavic languages are as follows: Bulgarian, Russian, Macedonian , Belarusian , Croatian ', Serbian , Czech ', Polish ', Slovene , Slovak ''hlaholika'', and Ukrainian .
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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