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A goblin is a legendary evil or mischievous grotesque dwarf-like daemon or monster that appeared in European stories and accounts during the Middle Ages. They are ascribed various (sometimes conflicting) abilities, temperaments and appearances depending on the story and country of origin. In some cases, goblins are little creatures related to the brownie and gnome. They are usually small, sometimes only a few inches tall, sometimes the size of a dwarf, and have magical abilities; they are greedy, especially for gold and jewelry. ==Name== Alternative spellings include ''gobblin'', ''gobeline'', ''gobling'', ''goblyn'', and ''gobbelin''. English ''goblin'' is first recorded in the 14th century and is probably from unattested Anglo-Norman '' *gobelin'',〔T. F. Hoad, ''English Etymology'', Oxford University Press, p. 196b.〕 similar to Old French ''gobelin'', already attested around 1195 in Ambroise of Normandy's ''Guerre sainte'', and to Medieval Latin ''gobelinus'' in Orderic Vitalis before 1141,〔(CNRTL etymology of ''gobelin'' (online French) )〕〔Du Cange et al, ''Glossarium mediae et infimae latinitatis'' ...(online French and Latin) ()〕 which was the name of a devil or a daemon haunting the country around Évreux, Normandy. It may be related both to German ''kobold'' and to Medieval Latin ''cabalus'', or '' *gobalus'', itself from Greek κόβαλος (''kobalos''), "rogue", "knave", "imp", "goblin".〔〔(κόβαλος ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕 Alternatively, it may be a diminutive or other derivative of the French proper name ''Gobel'', more often ''Gobeau'',〔HOAD, p. 196b.〕 diminutive forms ''Gobelet, Goblin, Goblot'', but their signification is probably "somebody who sells timblers or beakers or cups".〔Albert Dauzat, ''Noms et prénoms de France'', Librairie Larousse 1980, édition revue et commentée par Marie-Thérèse Morlet. p. 295b Gobel.〕 Moreover, these proper names are not from Normandy, where the word ''gobelin, gobelinus'' first appears in the old documents. German ''Kobold'' contains the Germanic root ''kov-'' (Middle German ''Kobe'' "refuge, cavity", "hollow in a rock", Dial. English ''cove'' "hollow in a rock", English "sheltered recess on a coast", Old Norse ''kofi'' "hut, shed" ) which means originally a "hollow in the earth".〔Duden, ''Herkunftswörterbuch : Etymologie der deutschen Sprache'', Band 7, Dudenverlag, p. 359 : Kobel, koben, Kobold.〕〔HOAD, p. 101b.〕 The word is probably related to Dial. Norman ''gobe'' "hollow in a cliff", with simple suffix ''-lin'' or double suffixation ''-el-in'' (cf. Norman surnames ''Beuzelin'',〔(Géopatronyme : surname ''Beuzelin'' in France (online French) )〕 ''Gosselin'',〔Géopatronyme : surname ''Gosselin'' in France (online French) (Gosselin'' )〕 ''Étancelin'',〔(Géopatronyme : surname ''Étancelin'' in France (online French) )〕 etc.) The Welsh ''coblyn'', a type of knocker, derives from the Old French ''gobelin'' via the English ''goblin''.〔Franklin, Anna (2002). "Goblin", ''The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fairies''. London: Paper Tiger. ISBN 1-84340-240-8. p. 108〕〔The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Goblin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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