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Gode ((アムハラ語:ጎዴ); (ソマリ語:''Godey'')) is a city in the Ethiopian part of the Ogaden. Located in the Gode Zone of the Somali Region, the city has a latitude and longitude of . Gode was the capital of the Somali Region from late 1992, to appease the powerful Ogaden clan, until early 1994 when it was moved to Jijiga, which had a better infrastructure and access to communications facilities.〔(Field Trip Report Jijiga, 22 to 29 April 1994 ), UNDP Emergencies Unit for Ethiopia report (accessed 20 December 2008)〕 Gode hosts an airport (IATA code GDE), with regular flights by Ethiopian Airlines. A bridge over the Shebelle River was constructed in 1968 next to this city. == History == Before the start of the Ogaden War, Gode was garrisoned by the 5th Brigade of the 4th Division, distributed around the town in five military camps.〔("Local History in Ethiopia" ) The Nordic Africa Institute website (accessed 21 November 2007)〕 Gode's capture near the end of July 1977 by the Western Somali Liberation Front allowed the Somali side to consolidate their hold on the Ogaden, and concentrate their forces on an advance that led to the capture of Jijiga.〔I.M. Lewis, ''A Modern History of the Somali'', fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), p. 233〕 Although Gode remained in Somali hands at the end of the Ogaden War, Ethiopian units under Brigadier-General Demisse Bulto, commander of the First Revolutionary Army, recovered Gode as part of Operation Lash by November 1980, and used the city as one of its three bases to successfully clear the rest of eastern Ethiopia of foreign Somali troops by 3 December.〔Gebru Tareke, ("From Lash to Red Star: The Pitfalls of Counter-Insurgency in Ethiopia, 1980-82", ''Journal of Modern African Studies'' ), 40 (2002), p. 471〕 According to the historical notes of the Somali Army, Gode was liberated on July 24, 1977 by the regular Somali Army under the leadership of the then General Abdullahi Ahmed Irro and his deputy Major Abdulkadir Koosaar.〔The Ogaden War (in Somali) http://www.mudugonline.com/Qoraalo/dagaalkii_ogaadeenya/d_o_casharkii45.htm〕〔Brothers-In-Arms http://wardheernews.com/Articles_2011/Oct/29_Brothers_in_Army_abdul.pdf〕 In spite of unreserved support by Cuba and the Soviet Union, It took nearly 3-years for the Ethiopian Army to gain a full control of the Gode region long after the Somali Army has systematically withdrawn from the Southern Front in March 1978. The most remarkable strategic retreat of 6 Brigades of the Division 60 of Somalia's National Army involving massive movements of troops from Gode and Negeille in the Bali Sidamo Front. .〔 Gode has been at the center of several recent famines: one in 1981; the next in 1991, which required the UN High Commission for Refugees to airlift food to 80,000 people stranded outside the town; and most recently in 2000, which had caused Gode to swell to a reported size of 100,000 inhabitants. This led John Graham to grimly remark in the ''Addis Observer'', "The main claims to fame of Gode are not inspiring - they are famine and war."〔 The mayor of the city in 1994, Muktar Aden Gedden, was murdered on 26 July. For several weeks afterwards it was still not clear who was responsible, as no individual or groups had taken responsibility or had been accused.〔(Gode and Kalafo zones Region 5 (Somali) ), UNDP Emergencies Unit for Ethiopia report, dated 15 August 1994 (accessed 20 December 2008)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gode」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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