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Gomphotherium
''Gomphotherium'' (; "Welded Beast") is an extinct genus of proboscid that evolved in the Early Miocene of North America and lived for about from 13.650—3.6 Ma.
The genus emigrated into Asia, Europe and Africa after a drop in sea level (probably during the Tortonian epoch) allowed them to cross over. It survived into the Pliocene, and its remains have been found in Sweden, France, Germany, Austria, Kansas, Tennessee, Pakistan, Kenya and Bosnia and Herzegovina.〔(U Tomislavgradu otkriven kostur pretka slona ), Večernji list, 2011-08-18. Retrieved 2011-08-26 〕
==Description==
''G. productum'' is known from a 35-year-old male tall weighing . Even larger is ''G. steinheimense'', known from a complete 37-year-old male found in Mühldorf, Germany, is tall weighing . However, it had four tusks; two on the upper jaw and two on the elongated lower jaw. The lower tusks are parallel and shaped like a shovel and were probably used for digging up food from mud. Unlike modern elephants, the upper tusks were covered by a layer of enamel. Compared to elephants, the skull was more elongated and low, indicating that the animal had a short trunk, rather like a tapir's. These animals probably lived in swamps or near lakes, using their tusks to dig or scrape up aquatic vegetation. In comparison to earlier proboscids, ''Gomphotherium'' had far fewer molars; the remaining ones had high ridges to expand their grinding surface. ''Gomphotherium'' inhabited dry wooded regions near lakes.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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