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Gonatidae
The Gonatidae, also known as armhook squid, are a family of moderately sized squid. The family contains about 19 species in three genera, widely distributed and plentiful in cold boreal waters of the Pacific Ocean. At least one species is known from Antarctic waters, and two from the North Atlantic.
== Description ==
Morphologically, armhook squid are fairly uniform: all species are characterised by the suckers of their arms, which are arranged in four rows (series) rather than the typical count of two. In most species, the arm's two mesial rows of suckers have been modified into hooks and the tentacular clubs—which are covered with many irregular rows of tiny suckers—may possess an enlarged central hook, with or without several smaller hooks. In the magister armhook squid (''Berryteuthis magister''), only the females possess hooks. Species of the genus ''Gonatus'' differ from the rest of the family (and from most squid) by their lack of tentacles as adults.
Only one species, the fiery armhook squid (''Gonatus pyros''), possesses photophores; these are located on the ventral periphery of the eyes.
Gonatids typically have muscular, cylindrical bodies with very soft, reddish to purplish-brown skin. The arms are thick and capable; the fins vary in shape and size, from sagittate and about 50% of the mantle length, to reniform and about 30% of the mantle length. Of moderate size, these squid range in size from 11 to 40 cm—most species are 25 cm or less. Females are somewhat larger than males.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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