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Govanhill (Gaelic: ''Cnoc a' Ghobhainn'') is a district in the Scottish city of Glasgow. It is situated south of the River Clyde between the Gorbals, Pollokshields, Crosshill and Queen's Park. The council ward has boundaries of Dixon Avenue and Dixon Road to the South, Victoria Road to the West, Butterbiggins Road to the North, and Aikenhead Road to the East. == History == The history of the area is linked to the Dixon family. A prominent ironmaster, William Dixon opened blast furnaces to the north of Govanhill which became known as 'Dixons Blazes'. A company village called Fireworks Village was situated on the site of the later Burgh of Govanhill. The area itself was formed in 1877 and the main avenue that runs the length of it is called Dixon Avenue. Some of the local streets were name after the daughters of William Dixon Jnr; Allison Street, Daisy Street, and Annette Street. From the first days of the neighbourhood's formation, Govanhill has always been a popular settlement area for people coming to Glasgow and Scotland. The population has regularly changed and diversified as migrants have chosen to live in the area. Migration started with people from the Highlands and Lowlands of Scotland; from Ireland; Jewish people fleeing persecution in Eastern Europe; people from the Punjab and other parts of the Indian sub-continent; Glasgow's new communities of former asylum seekers and refugees and – most recently – economic migrants benefiting from EU enlargement from Poland, Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Romania. This diversity is reflected in the local shops, the languages spoken in the street and in the people found locally. A recent social survey found that 53 languages were spoken in only 13 of the area's housing blocks. The area has long been Scotland's most culturally diverse neighbourhood. Of the 15,000 people living in the neighbourhood, approximately 40% are from ethnic minority communities, with Roma from Slovakia, the Czech Republic and - increasingly - Romania making up 3,000-3,500 of the local population. Govanhill was one of the few areas to avoid Glasgow Corporation's programme of 'Comprehensive Development Areas' in the 1960s. A total of 29 inner city areas were identified for complete demolition and replacement with new buildings. The existing communities were dispersed – normally to the new estates at the edge of Glasgow or to Scotland's new towns – e.g. East Kilbride, Cumbernauld. The replacement housing was high rise or deck access and non-traditional. Few community facilities were provided initially and little thought was given to the replacement of the elaborate infrastructure of shops, pubs and small businesses which were an integral part of the previous tenement structures. Some Govanhill locals did not like what they saw happening to other communities across the city and decided to take matters into their own hands. Based on early experience in Govan, a community based Housing Association〔 was established in 1974, run by the residents living in the area. Instead of mass demolition, a steady process of improving the quality of the flats and installing modern amenities was undertaken. This was complemented by sensitive new building in gap sites. Changes in policy and funding meant that the refurbishment of Govanhill's tenement housing was not completed. 13 housing blocks in the south west of the district remain 'unimproved'. It is in this area that the most significant housing problems in Govanhill appear – poor-quality housing stock, over 2,000 private landlords, low levels of owner occupation, low levels of factoring/property management and overcrowding. Govanhill is home to one of Glasgow's original Carnegie libraries, designed in the Edwardian Baroque style by James Robert Rhind.〔http://www.glasgowlife.org.uk/libraries/your-local-library/govanhill-library/Pages/home.aspx〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Govanhill」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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