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Gradungulidae is a spider family endemic to Australia and New Zealand with 16 species in seven genera. They are medium to large-sized three-clawed haplogyne spiders with two pairs of book-lungs (like Mygalomorphae). The genus ''Gradungula'' lives in forest litter. ''Progradungula'' and ''Macrogradungula'' are the only cribellate genera of the family. Various species within Grandungulidae build an extensive web consisting of an upper retreat tangle with connecting threads to scaffolding, which supports the ladder-like catching platform, which in turn is glued to the ground. ''Progradungula'' is a large spider with very long legs; it resembles ''Hickmania'' of Austrochilidae. ==Species== ''Gradungula'' Forster, 1955 * ''Gradungula sorenseni'' Forster, 1955 — New Zealand ''Kaiya'' Gray, 1987 * ''Kaiya bemboka'' Gray, 1987 — New South Wales * ''Kaiya brindabella'' (Moran, 1985) — Australian Capital Territory * ''Kaiya parnabyi'' Gray, 1987 — Victoria * ''Kaiya terama'' Gray, 1987 — New South Wales ''Macrogradungula'' Gray, 1987 * ''Macrogradungula moonya'' Gray, 1987 — Queensland ''Pianoa'' Forster, 1987 * ''Pianoa isolata'' Forster, 1987 — New Zealand ''Progradungula'' Forster & Gray, 1979 * ''Progradungula carraiensis'' Forster & Gray, 1979 — New South Wales * ''Progradungula otwayensis'' Milledge, 1997 — Victoria ''Spelungula'' Forster, 1987 * ''Spelungula cavernicola'' Forster, 1987 — New Zealand ''Tarlina'' Gray, 1987 * ''Tarlina daviesae'' Gray, 1987 — Queensland * ''Tarlina milledgei'' Gray, 1987 — New South Wales * ''Tarlina noorundi'' Gray, 1987 — New South Wales * ''Tarlina simipes'' Gray, 1987 — Queensland * ''Tarlina smithersi'' Gray, 1987 — New South Wales * ''Tarlina woodwardi'' (Forster, 1955) — Queensland 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gradungulidae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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