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Grajewo
Grajewo , is a town in north-eastern Poland with 23,302 inhabitants (2006). It is situated in the Podlaskie Voivodeship (since 1999); previously, it was in Łomża Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is the capital of Grajewo County.〔( Grajewo: Official website. General information. ) (Polish, with Google translate).〕
==History==
The first settlements in the region of modern Grajewo already existed in the early 15th century. The first documented mention is from the year 1426. In 1540 the town obtained municipal rights from Polish King Sigismund I the Old.
Around 1800 the town had 23 houses and 218 inhabitants. In 1815 it became part of Russian Congress Poland. In the second half of the 19th century, trade and handicrafts developed. Due to the participation of the population in the January Uprising against Russia, the town lost its municipal rights in 1870. With the establishment of a rail link between the German city of Lyck and the then-Russian-controlled city of Białystok, the town’s development was accelerated.
A Jewish community existed in Grajewo from the late 18th century. At times, Jews formed a majority of the town population. In 1808, 197 Jews live in the town, 39% of the total population. In 1827 they made up a majority, with 57% of the population. In 1857 the percentage rose to 76% and in 1897 over 4,000 Jews lived in the town. Following the First World War, the Jewish population fell sharply. In 1921, 2,834 Jews lived in the town, 39% of the population.〔(Grajewo Memorial Book ) Yizkor Project (Yiddish & English).〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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