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Greensleeves
"Greensleeves" is a traditional English folk song and tune, over a ground either of the form called a ''romanesca''; of its slight variant, the ''passamezzo antico''; of the ''passamezzo antico'' in its verses and the ''romanesca'' in its reprise; or of the Andalusian progression in its verses and the ''romanesca'' or ''passamezzo antico'' in its reprise. The romanesca originated in Spain〔Harvey Turnbull, ''The Guitar from the Renaissance to the Present'' (1992), p.31. ISBN 0-933224-57-5. See: ().〕 and is composed of a sequence of four chords with a simple, repeating bass, which provide the groundwork for variations and improvisation.
A broadside ballad by this name was registered at the London Stationer's Company in September 1580,〔Frank Kidson, ''English Folk-Song and Dance''. READ BOOKS, 2008, p.26. ISBN 1-4437-7289-5〕 by Richard Jones, as "A Newe Northen Dittye of ye Ladye Greene Sleves".〔John M. Ward, "'And Who But Ladie Greensleeues?'", in ''The Well Enchanting Skill: Music, Poetry, and Drama in the Culture of the Renaissance: Essays in Honour of F. W. Sternfeld'', edited by John Caldwell, Edward Olleson, and Susan Wollenberg, 181–211 (Oxford:Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1990): 181. ISBN 0-19-316124-9.〕 Six more ballads followed in less than a year, one on the same day, 3 September 1580 ("Ye Ladie Greene Sleeves answere to Donkyn hir frende" by Edward White), then on 15 and 18 September (by Henry Carr and again by White), 14 December (Richard Jones again), 13 February 1581 (Wiliam Elderton), and August 1581 (White's third contribution, "Greene Sleeves is worne awaie, Yellow Sleeves Comme to decaie, Blacke Sleeves I holde in despite, But White Sleeves is my delighte").〔Hyder Edward Rollins, ''An Analytical Index to the Ballad-Entries (1557–1709 in the Registers of the Company of Stationers of London'' (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1924): nos, 1892, 1390, 1051, 1049, 1742, 2276, 1050. Cited in John M. Ward, "'And Who But Ladie Greensleeues?'", in ''The Well Enchanting Skill: Music, Poetry, and Drama in the Culture of the Renaissance: Essays in Honour of F. W. Sternfeld'', edited by John Caldwell, Edward Olleson, and Susan Wollenberg, 181–211 (Oxford:Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1990): 181–82. ISBN 0-19-316124-9.〕 It then appears in the surviving ''A Handful of Pleasant Delights'' (1584) as ''A New Courtly Sonnet of the Lady Green Sleeves. To the new tune of Green Sleeves''.
The tune is found in several late-16th-century and early-17th-century sources, such as ''Ballet's MS Lute Book'' and ''Het Luitboek van Thysius'', as well as various manuscripts preserved in the Seeley Historical Library at the University of Cambridge.
==Origin==
There is a persistent belief that Greensleeves was composed by Henry VIII for his lover and future queen consort Anne Boleyn. Boleyn allegedly rejected King Henry's attempts to seduce her, and this rejection may be referred to in the song when the writer's love "cast me off discourteously". However, the piece is based on an Italian style of composition that did not reach England until after Henry's death, making it more likely Elizabethan in origin.〔Alison Weir, ''Henry VIII: The King and His Court'' (New York: Ballantine Books, 2002): 131. ISBN 0-345-43708-X.〕
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