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Guanahatabey
The Guanahatabey (also spelled Guanajatabey) were an indigenous people of western Cuba at the time of European contact. Archaeological and historical studies suggest the Guanahatabey were archaic hunter-gatherers with a distinct language and culture from their neighbors, the Taíno. They may have been a relict of an earlier culture that spread widely through the Caribbean before the ascendance of the agriculturalist Taíno.
==Description==
Contemporary historical references, largely corroborated by archaeological findings, placed the Guanahatabey on the western end of Cuba, adjacent to the Taíno living in the rest of Cuba and the rest of the Greater Antilles.〔Rouse, pp. 20–21.〕 They lived in what is now Pinar del Río Province and parts of Habana and Matanzas Provinces.〔Granberry and Vescelius, p. 15, 18–19.〕 Archaeological surveys of the area reveal an archaic population of hunter-gatherers. They lived outdoors and in caves; they made no houses. Unlike the neighboring Taíno they practiced no agriculture and subsisted mostly on shellfish and foraging, and supplemented their diet with fish and game. They were aceramic (lacking ceramic pottery), and made stone, shell, and bone tools using grinding and lithic reduction techniques.〔
The language of the Guanahatabey is lost except for a handful of placenames. However, it appears to have been distinct from the Taíno language, as the Taíno interpreter for Christopher Columbus could not communicate with them.〔
As similar archaic sites dating back centuries have been found around the Caribbean, archaeologists consider the Guanahatabey to be late survivors of a much earlier culture that existed throughout the islands before the rise of the agricultural Taíno. Similar cultures existed in southern Florida at roughly the same time, though this may be simply an independent adaptation to a similar environment. It is possible the Guanahatabey were related to the Taíno, though no characteristically Taíno sites have ever been found in their territory.〔Rouse, p. 21, 43.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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