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GvpA
GvpA is a gas vesicle structural protein found in different phyla of bacteria and archaea for example in ''Halobacterium salinarum'' or ''Haloferax mediterranei''. Gas vesicles are small, hollow, gas filled protein structures found in several cyanobacterial and archaebacterial microorganisms. They allow the positioning of the bacteria at a favourable depth for growth.
GvpA associates with GvpC, to build up gas vesicles, hollow protein structures which are used by planktonic organisms to perform vertical migration. GvpA makes up most of the structure, as so called "ribs", rigid β-sheets, whereas GvpC stabilizes the vesicle against collapse by crosslinking as α-helices.〔(UniProt ), UniProt GvpA from halobacterium salinarum.〕
== Sequence ==
The sequence of GVPa is extremely well conserved. GvpJ and gvpM, two proteins encoded in the cluster of genes required for gas vesicle synthesis in the archaebacteria ''Halobacterium salinarium'' and ''Halobacterium mediterranei'' (Haloferax mediterranei), have been found to be evolutionarily related to GVPa. The exact function of these two proteins is not known, although they could be important for determining the shape determination gas vesicles. The N-terminal domain of ''Aphanizomenon flos-aquae'' protein gvpA/J is also related to GVPa.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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