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Gyaros ((ギリシア語:Γυάρος)), also locally known as Gioura (unrelated to Gioura of Thessaly, also unpopulated), is an arid and unpopulated Greek island in the northern Cyclades near the islands of Andros and Tinos, with an area of . It is a part of the municipality of Ano Syros, which lies primarily on the island of Syros. This and other small islands of the Aegean Sea served as places of exile for important persons in the early Roman empire. The extremity of its desolation was proverbial among Roman authors, such as Tacitus and Juvenal. It was a place of exile for leftist political dissidents in Greece from 1948 until 1974. At least 22,000 people were exiled or imprisoned on the island during that time.〔(Red Rocks of the Aegean: Greece’s Prison Islands ), ''New Histories'' March 15, 2012〕 == Mythology and early history == The pseudo-Aristotelian work ''On Marvellous Things Heard'' (25) recounts the tale that on Gyaros the mice eat iron. In the ''Aeneid'' of Virgil, Gyaros and Mykonos are said to be the two islands to which the god Apollo tied the holy island of Delos to stop its wandering over the Aegean Sea.〔 : Amid the sea a land is worshiped, a land most sacred : to the mother of the Nereids and to Aegean Neptune, : which, the dutiful bow-bearing god bound from Myconos : and from steep Gyaros, as it wandered the shores and coasts, : and he made it immobile and to have contempt for the winds. : ''sacra mari colitur medio gratissima tellus'' : ''Nereidum matri et Neptuno Aegaeo,'' : ''quam pius arquitenens oras et litora circum'' : ''errantem Mycono e celsa Gyaroque reuinxit,'' : ''immotamque coli dedit et contemnere uentos.'' : Aeneid 3.73-77 〕 In his recounting of the myth of the war between Minos and Aegeus, the king of Athens, the poet Ovid speaks of Gyaros as one island that refused to join the campaign of the Cretan king.〔 : But Oliaros and Didyme and Tenos and Andros : and Gyaros and Peparethos (bountiful in gleaming olives) : did not assist the Knossian fleet; … : ''At non Oliaros Didymeque et Tenos et Andros'' : ''et Gyaros nitidaeque ferax Peparethos olivae'' : ''Cnosiacas iuvere rates; …'' : Metamorphoses 7.469-71 〕 In 29 BC, the historian and geographer Strabo had an extended stay on the island, on his way to Corinth. In the 1st century CE, Pliny the Elder wrote in his Natural History that the island, which had a city, was in circumference and lay from Andros.〔''Gyara cum oppido, circuitu XV, abest ab Andro LXII, ab ea Syrnos LXXX'' (NH 4.69). These are Roman miles, but his geography is still considerably in error.〕 He also records that the inhabitants of Gyaros were once put to flight by (a plague of) mice.〔''ex Gyara Cycladum insula incolas a muribus fugatos'' (NH 8.104). The visitors of the island can see many small pieces of pottery on the ground mostly in the river bed of the northern most and bigger mini valley where was the prisoners camp and its headquarters. No archaeological excavations have been conducted up to the year 2007. It is significant to note that there are remains of narrow terraces along the slopes of the easter part of the island, proving that some rudimentary agriculture was driven in the past. Probably as back as the Prehistoric times used as refuge in times of raides by invading forces as well as the Roman times and later.〕 The island is also mentioned by the Roman orator Cicero, and other notable Latin authors, indicating a broad awareness of Gyaros among the educated elite of the 1st century BCE to the 2nd century CE.〔Letters to Atticus 5.12.1〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gyaros」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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