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''Gymnopilus'' is a genus of gilled mushrooms within the fungal family Strophariaceae containing about 200 rusty-orange spored mushroom species formerly divided among ''Pholiota'' and the defunct genus ''Flammula''. The fruiting body is typically reddish brown to rusty orange to yellow, medium to large, often with a well-developed veil. Most members of ''Gymnopilus'' grow on wood but at times may appear terrestrial if the wood is buried or decomposed. Members of ''Pholiota'' and ''Cortinarius'' are easy to confuse with ''Gymnopilus''. ''Pholiota'' can be distinguished by its viscid cap and duller (brown to cinnamon brown) spores, and ''Cortinarius'' grows on the ground. Beginners can confuse ''Gymnopilus'' with ''Galerina'', which contains deadly poisonous species. The ''Gymnopilus'' genus has over 200 species worldwide.〔 The name means ''naked pileus''. ==Psychoactive species== 14 members of ''Gymnopilus'' contain psilocybin, although their bitter taste often deters recreational users. These species include ''G. aeruginosus'', ''G. braendlei'', ''G. cyanopalmicola'',〔 ''G. intermedius'', ''G. junonius'', ''G. luteofolius'', ''G. luteoviridis'', ''G. luteus'', ''G. purpuratus'',〔 ''G. subearlei'',〔 ''G. subpurpuratus'',〔 ''Gymnopilus validipes'' and ''Gymnopilus viridans''.〔Gymnopilus Chemistry, Entheogen review, Vol VII No. 3〕 Subspecies of ''G. junonius'' from Japan are reported to contain psilocybin, while some western North American members are inactive.〔http://www.svims.ca/ff0608.pdf〕 Several species of ''Gymnopilus'' contain bis-noryangonin () and hispidine (), which are closely related to the alpha-pyrones found in kava. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gymnopilus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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